Glacial Processes and Landforms Geography 12 What is

Glacial Processes and Landforms Geography 12

• What is a glacier? • What are the two main types of glaciers? • How do glaciers form?

What is a glacier? • A glacier is simply the existence of year-round ice on the landscape. • There are two broad types: __________ and __________. How do glaciers form? • Glaciers form whenever snowfall exceeds snowmelt year after year. The snow accumulates incrementally, pressure increases, and it is changed into névé: _____________ and then ice by this pressure.

Maximum Extent of Pleistocene Glaciation 1/3 of land surface Most recent glacial maximum peaked 18, 000 years ago and is considered to have ended 10, 000 B. P.

Q: Why is a glacier the only thing that is ever coming and going at the same time? A: ______________

Erosion by Glaciers volume and speed determines amount of erosion • erodes slightly more effectively than water • plucking and abrasion • polishing and striations • Continental glaciers remove all soil, plants, and small hills • Alpine glaciers change Vshaped valleys to U-shaped Photo above: What are these stripes called? What causes them

Erosion at work

Transportation by Glaciers: • Will move material of all sizes, from glacial flour to massive boulders • Slow transport • Water in, on, and under glaciers (pluvial processes) moves much sediment as well

Deposition by Glaciers • Drift is any material deposited by glaciers or their melt water. • Till is that unsorted material that is deposited directly by ice. • ________are linear features deposited at bottom or along sides of glaciers. • Glacial _______ is an enormous boulder transported and deposited by glaciers, often far from their source region.

Alpine Glaciation (Mt. Rainier, Washington)

Moraines

Moraines in Yukon, Whitehorse

Continental Glaciers or Ice Sheets • only two true ice sheets exist today: Greenland ___________ • where they meet the sea they can form ice sheets. • vary in thickness from hundreds of feet to ______ miles deep • ________ away all soil and vegetation and dramatically reshape the landscape and ecology of large regions Ellesmere Island, Canada

Continental Glaciers or Ice Sheets

Continental Glaciers or Ice Sheets various landforms: Know all!

Fjords Students search and find the answers for the below: 1. What is a fjord? 2. How is it formed? 3. What is the name of the closest fjord to Terry Fox Secondary? 4. What is another word for neve? 5. What is an arête? What type of glaciation is it found in?

Works/Cites Consulted www. elcamino. edu/faculty/mreed/. . . /101%20 powerpoint/glaci ers. ppt/Jan. 2015 http: //www. global-greenhousewarming. com/images/Boulder. Glacier. jpg? aba 085/Jan. 2015 http: //www. swisseduc. ch/glaciers/glossary/icons/medialmoraine. jpg/Jan. 2015