GIS Lab slides Updated January 2010 Part 1

GIS Lab slides Updated January 2010

Part 1: Data vs. Information Data: raw facts or measurements Information: collection of facts organized/processed in such a way that they have value beyond the facts themselves. Adds meaning or context to achieve goal of user. 58008? ? What is this? Lab 1 Slide 2

Data vs. information Set of names in any order / class list Set of numbers / grades for lab “When you control the mail you control. . . information!” Lab 1 Slide 3

Fig 1. 2

Information is the derivative of manipulating, organizing, summarizing, and presenting data in a form suitable for decision-making or further analysis. - Hutchinson/Coulthard Lab 1 Slide 5

Principle MIS: The value of information is directly linked to how it helps decision makers achieve the organization’s goals Lab 1 Slide 6

The “Information Spectrum”. Omniscience. Wisdom. Knowledge. Information. Data Lab 1 Slide 7

Part 2: Data and Information characteristics Often a trade-off between some of these attributes. Which ones are critical to your application?

Lab 1 Slide 9

Friends …. Secure and Reliable Timely and Accessible Reliable and Simple Lab 1 Slide 10

And Enemies Accessible vs. Secure Reliable/Accurate/Complete vs. Economical Lab 1 Slide 11

PART 3: What is GIS? A Geographical Information System (GIS) is a compilation of computer hardware, software, data and personnel that collects, analyzes and presents information that is tied to a geographic location. l l l Converts data into visual form Links geographical data with descriptive data and forms the information into layers (coverages). The layers create themes that represent particular features on a map and, when combined, form a complete picture. Lab 1 Slide 12

Three Types of Data Spatial Made up of points lines and areas: l Points- locations: l buildings, customers etc. l l Tabular l l l Lines- streets, rivers. elevations Areas- polygons representing states, counties, market areas etc. Lab 1 Lists, spreadsheets and databases Can be linked to spatial data Sales to a region Image l l l Satellite images, aerial photographs and scanned data One layer Cannot be broken down Slide 13

Data Models Vector- spatial l x, y coordinates Structured coordinates represent the shape of a feature. Highways, rivers etc. Raster - image l l Lab 1 Matrix of cells with values Satellite imagery Color-coded to create a 3 dimensional image (elevations) Digital camera, TV Slide 14

Uses Business Placement Law enforcement Emergency Response Census/Demographics Marketing Pollution remediation Medical (disease epidemiology) Facility management (utilities) &Much More! Lab 1 Slide 15

The original map drawn by Dr. John Snow (1813 -1858), a British physician, showing cases of cholera in the London epidemics of 1854, clustered around the locations of water pumps. (Wikipedia) Lab 1 Slide 16

Allow Pop-ups for these Albany crime spots (updated weekly) Sex offenders map for a Zip Code Lab 1 Slide 17

Albany Crime Map Lab 1 Slide 18

GIS Lab Map. Info overview Scavenger hunt – use Map. Info to answer geography questions Map of WTC and Fire Companies Metadata Thematic map of male: female ratio Use one screen to view instructions, other computer to do work Lab 1 Slide 19