Getting Research into use TOT The ruling paradigm

Getting Research into use TOT - The ruling paradigm Centrally conducted science in specialized organizations Production technologies for mandated crops NARS Applied research Extension agencies Farmers • TOT - ‘transfer of technology’ model • Dominated policy until recently • The ‘engine’ of the Green Revolution • Faith in the scientific method as the main source of improved technological practices for the poorest of the poor

2000 - MDGs Millenium Development Goals • MDGs recognised that rural poverty in poor countries persists and getting worse in some places • If scientific knowledge is to contribute to MDGs then the ‘TOT’ model needs to be re-visited • Disinterested research in well funded institutions can play an important role but…… • More is required: • Science is only part of the story • Need new types of institutional practices • What are these and how should they be introduced?

The New Agriculture • ‘One size fits all’ model of agriculture research not suited to the realities of developing country agriculture sector • Niche sectors are emerging • Drivers • Globalisation of markets, rapid urbanization, industrialisation of the food chain and increasing role of the private sector • Aquaculture • Horticulture – cut flowers • Processed food • New Agriculture may not benefit poor farmers in the traditional way • Non-farm employment • E. g. Cut flowers in Kenya employs 50, 000 workers – mainly women

New thinking is required to address agricultural poverty Ri. U programme has been an attempt to do just this http: //www. researchintouse. com/

Emerging lessons from Ri. U • Research products are just one element needed to 'enable innovation in agriculture’ • Brokering networks and alliances is a critical role – New types of entrepreneurs are emerging in poor countries • Innovation champions • to put research into use requires a champion who is able to navigate complex political and institutional landscapes, building networks of practitioners and policy actors – and this is unlikely to be the originator of the research • Commercial opportunities – Need for investment experts to develop a model ultimately resulting in standalone, high-growth, profitable businesses………………….