Gerunds and Infinitives Gerunds A gerund is a

Gerunds and Infinitives

Gerunds A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. However, since a gerund functions as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example: subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition.

As a subject • Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences. • The study abroad program might satisfy your desire for new experiences. (The gerund has been removed. )

As a direct object • They do not appreciate my singing. • They do not appreciate my assistance. (The gerund has been removed)

As object of preposition • The police arrested him for speeding. • The police arrested him for criminal activity. (The gerund has been removed. )

After verb forms • My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. • My cat's favorite food is salmon. (The gerund has been removed. )

Verbs • • Can’t help Can’t stand Feel like It’s no use Be/get used to Look forward to Spend (time) Don’t mine/would mine

Infinitives An infinitive is a verbal consisting of the word to plus a verb (in its simplest "stem" form) and functioning as a noun, adjective, or adverb. However, the infinitive may function as a subject, direct object, subject complement, adjective, or adverb in a sentence.

As a subject • To wait seemed foolish when decisive action was required. • To leave now would be a mistake.

As an indirect object • After verbs like: Advice Invite Tell Warn Teach Persuade • She persuade me to join the team.

After some adjectives • • • Busy Happy Ready Tired … • I’m too tired to go out.

After some adverbs • • • Slowly Fast Low High … • He ran to slowly to win the race.

After some verbs • • Agree Appear Seem Choose Decide Expect Hope • • Learn Manage Plan Promise Refuse Want Wish Did you manage to finish your project on time?

Without to • Some verbs of perception (hear, feel, see, let, make…) go with the infinitive but without to: I saw Jim leave the office. My parents don’t let me stay out late.

Gerunde or Infinitive? • In verbs like begin, propose, forbbid, intend or start, it doesn’t matter if you put gerunde or infintive. I started to use/using the Internet about two years ago.

Gerunde or Infinitive? • Stop + Gerunde = Stop a habit My father stopped smoking last month. • Stop + Infinitive = Interrupt an action Can we stop to have some coffee? • Remember + Gerunde = Something in the past I don’t remember talking to her before. • Remember + Infinitive = Important things in the future Remember to call Jane before you go.

Gerunde or Infinitive? • Regret + Gerunde = Lament/be sorry for something in the past. He regrets breaking up with Helen. • Regret + Infinitive = Bad news. I regret to tell you that we can’t accept your proposal. • Forget + Gerunde = Negative clauses. I will never forget visiting Pisa. • Forget + Infinitive = Forget to do something. I forgot to tell you.

Exercises Workbook: Pg 19: 7

Exercises • 7: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. To know Reading To go To be Telling Being Making/To make Learning

MAROON 5 • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=w. Mv. VWC kvv 4 M

Done by: Maria Blasco Lorente Alexandra Janas