GERUND dws 1 DWS Gerund What is Gerund

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GERUND [dws] 1 [DWS] Gerund

GERUND [dws] 1 [DWS] Gerund

What is Gerund? Based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (2010) “gerund is a noun

What is Gerund? Based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (2010) “gerund is a noun in the form of present participle of a verb (that is, ending in –ing)” (p. 626). 2 [DWS] Gerund

Examples • Looking • Eating • Writing • Watching • Etc. 3 [DWS] Gerund

Examples • Looking • Eating • Writing • Watching • Etc. 3 [DWS] Gerund

When can we change a verb into a gerund? Gerund can be a subject

When can we change a verb into a gerund? Gerund can be a subject or an object. But, we cannot change every verb into a gerund anytime. A verb can be changed into a gerund when they follow the following verbs: 4 [DWS] Gerund

Verbs that are followed by Gerund Enjoy, finish, quit, mind, postpone, keep, consider, discuss,

Verbs that are followed by Gerund Enjoy, finish, quit, mind, postpone, keep, consider, discuss, miss, admit, report, appreciate, resume, go, avoid, delay, deny, etc. 5 [DWS] Gerund

Verbs that are followed by Gerund Enjoy, finish, quit, mind, postpone, keep, consider, discuss,

Verbs that are followed by Gerund Enjoy, finish, quit, mind, postpone, keep, consider, discuss, miss, admit, report, appreciate, resume, go, avoid, delay, deny, etc. 6 [DWS] Gerund

Adjective + Preposition that are followed by Gerund Afraid of, interested in, capable of,

Adjective + Preposition that are followed by Gerund Afraid of, interested in, capable of, successful in, tired of, fond of, etc. 7 [DWS] Gerund

Verb + Preposition that are followed by Gerund Give up, rely on, worry about,

Verb + Preposition that are followed by Gerund Give up, rely on, worry about, insist on, succeed in, count on, keep on, think about, depend on, put off, think of, look forward to, confess to, etc. 8 [DWS] Gerund

Examples • • • He is not looking forward to going back to school.

Examples • • • He is not looking forward to going back to school. Giving charity is a good deed. He is excited about playing tennis. John admitted stealing the jewels. We are interested in seeing this film. Mary insisted on taking the bus instead of the plane. 9 [DWS] Gerund

TO INFINITIVE [dws] 10 [DWS] Gerund

TO INFINITIVE [dws] 10 [DWS] Gerund

What is to infinitive? Infinitive is the basic form of a verb such as

What is to infinitive? Infinitive is the basic form of a verb such as be or run. In English, an infinitive is used by itself, for example swim in: She can swim. or with to as in: She likes to swim. 11 [DWS] Gerund

When do we use to infinitive? Verbs and Adjectives that are followed by to

When do we use to infinitive? Verbs and Adjectives that are followed by to infinitive: agree, plan, hope, except, prepare, claim, fail, learn, pretend, want, decide, forget, need, refuse, offer, easy, dangerous, good, ready, difficult, hard, wish, intend, demand etc. 12 [DWS] Gerund

Examples • I learned to swim when I was young. • The soldiers are

Examples • I learned to swim when I was young. • The soldiers are preparing to attack the village. • I decided to postpone my holiday. • We are ready to leave now. • It is difficult to pass the test. 13 [DWS] Gerund

The following verbs can be followed by either the infinitive or the gerund with

The following verbs can be followed by either the infinitive or the gerund with no change in meaning, such as: Begin, hate, regret, like, start, continue, love, try, prefer. These verbs can be followed by gerund or infinitive, but the meaning is different. Stop, remember, forget. 14 [DWS] Gerund

Examples • He started to study after dinner. • He started studying after dinner.

Examples • He started to study after dinner. • He started studying after dinner. • I stop to smoke. • I stop smoking. 15 [DWS] Gerund

Examples • I remember to lock my door • I remember locking my door.

Examples • I remember to lock my door • I remember locking my door. • I forget washing my shoes • Do not forget to write the letter. 16 [DWS] Gerund