Germany in the 1930s HOW DID HITLER GAIN

Germany in the 1930’s HOW DID HITLER GAIN CONTROL? GAIN CONTROL

VOCABULARY EUGENICS: the study of or belief in the possibility of improving the qualities of the human species or a human population, especially by such means as discouraging reproduction by persons having genetic defects or presumed to have inheritable undesirable traits (negative eugenics) or encouraging reproduction by persons presumed to have inheritabl e desirable traits (positive eugenics) Social Darwinism. Social Darwinists argued that social progress resulted from conflicts in which the fittest or best adapted individuals, or entire societies, would prevail. It gave rise to the slogan “survival of the fittest. ” Anti-Semitism Prejudice or hatred against Jews, a Semitic race

After WW 1 Adolph Hitler fought in WW 1. He experienced gas warfare, ironically he vowed never to use gas in battle… Join the Nazi Party in 1920, and soon rose to leadership through his oratory skills (1925). "Why We Are Antisemites" - Adolf Hitler's 1920 speech at the Hofbräuhaus

Planned a overthrow of the German Gov. called the Beer Hall Putsch was arrested and put in jail. He wrote Mein Kamp in Jail, “My Struggle

Jail did work for Hitler � Hitler decided that the only way the Nazi party would to take control would be through the political system. � Party members began to run for office. � There platform was based on: � How bad the Republican government was � Getting rid of the Treaty of Versailles �Germany regaining its pride back.

Hitler becomes Chancellor January 1933 The next month the Reichstag, (German Congress) burns to the ground. Feb 1933. � First detention camp, Dachau is opened in March � Nation wide anti Jewish boycott of Jewish businesses. � German soldiers putting signs warning Against Germans shopping at Jewish Stores. Positioned soldiers outside shops To intimidate

1933 continues � Law passed that limited the number of Jewish children allowed in the public schools � May 1933, University students burn, books by Jewish authors.

Germany 1935 Race Laws are Passed � Nuremberg Race Laws � Jews were no longer considered German citizens � No German under 45 can be a maid or servant of a Jewish family � No non Jewish Germans could marry a Jew � It was against the law for a non Jew to have sexual intercourse with a Jew. To make sure that German blood was not tainted by mixing with other races

Results of the Laws “Only for Aryans”

The Nazis goal was to teach the German children to believe what Hitler was doing as being right. Children were encouraged to see Hitler was a saviour for the German people. Schools became safe places to bully Jews. There were various efforts were made in the schools to ensure that the children were brought up to believe that the Jews were inferior and a danger to German people.

Uniting all German speaking people. Restore Germany’s pride. Violated Treaty of Versailles. Other nations simply protest and hoped Hitler will be satisfied with that. Rhineland

1937 Buchenwald concentration camp opens

Germany 1938 Annexes Austria Hitler wants to unite all German speaking people Austria Annexed

Kristallnacht 1938 Night of Broken Glass Jews lose the right to own private businesses Attacks against Jews Happened all over the Country. Jews were Beaten and killed

Invasion of Czechoslovakia

WHAT WILL HAPPEN NEXT? � Hitler starts WW 2 when He invaded Poland � His goal in conquering Poland was to remove all the Jews, take the land from the Poles and have the land for the Germans to spread out multiply and reproduce the master race.

As Hitler conquered territory…. � He separated and isolated the Jews by collecting them and forcing them to live in confined areas in cities in overcrowded conditions. Ghettos, where wasn’t enough food, fuel, and often water.

Two Types of Camps � Concentration Camps �Worked to death usually to support German war effort Death Camps Point of these camps were to kill those who arrived at the camp, and keep others alive long enough to work in the camps.

Concentration Camps Some were close to the cities so they could have free labor to work in factories for the German war effort. � These Ghettos were walled off and the Jews were kept separate from everyone. To leave or try to leave meant death immediately if caught. �

Warsaw Ghetto largest in Poland

There were separate walkways for the Jews in and out of the Ghetto. Jews were seen to contaminate others when in contact with them.

The destruction of the Jews as priority they began to empty Ghettos to send to Death Camps Jews waiting to be sent to a camp

Once you arrive you at the camp you are there to be killed either by working you to death or immediate killing

Death Camps: The Purpose was a place design specifically to kill people. People were transported from all over Europe to these camps solely to be killed

Testimonies from work camps � The smell from the only toilet, which was overflowing with human waste and on top of it---lice, they were eating us up. We tried to kill them, but of no avail. If they told you to do something, you went to do it. There were no choices. I worked in the crematorium for about eleven months. I saw Dr. Mengele’s experiments on children. I knew the kids that became vegetables.

Testimonies from work camps � Later in Buchenwald I saw Else with a hose and regulator, trying to find what the pressure was to make a hole in a women’s stomach. I saw them cut people into pieces. � Everyday the killings, the hanging, the shootings, the crematorium smell, the oven and the smoke going out.

Testimonies from work camps � We were set useless tasks to do , like taking stones out of the freezing water of the River Wupper, and hunting for concealed weapons in the sewers…. . If they wanted more information out of you, they would lock you in a metal locker and then ki 9 ckit, turn it upside down, blow cigarette smoke through its ventilation holes or worse, before they put you in , they would make you eat “Kemna-cut” which was slat herring smeared with cupgrease. Those who refuse 4 d to eat them were beaten bloody. Those who ate them and then vomited were forced to eat their vomit.

What the camps were like? The conditions?

Children were used in experiments

Conditions, little food, working 16 -18 hours day, inadequate clothing, beatings, no medical treatment.

The Final Solution: Plan of the Nazi Gov to exterminate all the Jews in Europe. The war ended before the Nazis succeeded

Liberation: Allied Troops finding the camps

Liberation