Geospatial World Forum Agriculture Rotterdam 15 th May

Geospatial World Forum – Agriculture Rotterdam – 15 th May 2013 Geospatial data and geomatic: The keystones for the sound implementation of the European Common Agriculture Policy Philippe LOUDJANI, MARS (Monitoring Agricultural Resources) Unit DG Joint Research Centre Evidence-based scientific and technical support Cooperation with policy Directorates-General Sharing its know-how with the Member States www. jrc. europa. eu

CAP expenditure and CAP reform path CAP = 0, 3 € / EU citizen / day Billion € (2007 constant prices) Source: DG Agriculture and Rural Development. 2012 Rural areas + 90% of EU territory Total: 58 000 000 € / year 7 From which 50% is farmed 40 Billions Direct aids 8 million aid applications 14 Billions Rural development 2

Technical support to CAP implementation To ensure that CAP funds are spent appropriately, Member State Authorities and the Commission services have to establish and apply appropriate management and control mechanisms. MARS Unit provides technical and scientific support for the implementation of the Common Agriculture Policy linked to direct payments (1 st CAP pillar) • Management of Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS) data (especially Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) § Management of direct payments to farmers • Control methods (On-The-Spot checks (OTS)) § Control of direct payments • Cross Compliance (Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions (GAEC), Farm Advisory System (FAS), and ‘Greening’) § Conditions to receive direct payments Technical solutions mostly based on: Geospatial data and geomatic 3

Before 2003 CAP reform = coupled payments All farm parcels Pastures Agriculture Remote Sensing COP and SA Olive trees Parcels of interest Cropped area Type of crop Control Aerial images + several High Resolution images Then first VHR images (after 2000) 4

After 2003 CAP reform = decoupled payments Farm All parcels Pastures COP and SA Olive trees Parcels on slopes Parcels along river Landscape features Area Environment Agriculture GAEC Crop group Remote Sensing Control Land maintenance Landscape elements Except few cases, VHR images needed (less and less HR images and Radar too coarse) 5

Digital Land Parcel System (LPIS) Since 2005 Reference parcel (Administration) In IACS-GIS Land Parcel Identification System Stable over time Use eligibility recorded officially claimed parcel (Farmers) Acts as reference frame for Aid application Location in aid application May be unstable over time Unique identifier Boundary stored in GIS Prevents Double Declaration Based on Ortho imagery Locates land Use declared by farmer 123 xyz 987 xyz 1. 23 ha 1. 23 ha Area officially known 1. 02 ha 987 xyz 1. 23 ha Area claimed by farmer Controlled object “Contracted” area in application Payment calculation 6

Digital Land Parcel System today 8 million Farmers in 27 EU Member states Using 140 Million reference parcels uniquely identified Reference parcels superimposed on ortho imagery 7

Control with Remote Sensing Initiated end of 90’s Today: used by 25 Member States - 340, 000 controls = 75% of total farm controls per Campaign year: some 400 control zones 800 High Resolution images 250. 000 km 2 Very High Resolution data 7 million € satellite images purchased in 2012 on behalf of DG Agri Check of area, land cover, crop cover, Good agri environmental conditions … 8

Cw. RS Campaigns overview X 2, 3 X 12, 7 X 20, 2 X 3, 4 9

Area measurements GNSS and ortho images According to Art. 34(1) of R. 1122/2009, MS shall use measurement tools that are “proven to assure measurement of quality at least equivalent to that required by applicable technical standard, as drawn up at Community level”. Device Expert Fuzzy borders 10 10

GNSS devices validation Area measurement validation method SS N G Buffer tolerance validation method GNSS and Ortho imagery GNSS used in all 27 EU Member States for field measurement More than 6400 receivers !!!! 78 different GNSS devices/mode/method 11

CAP 2020 Greening of the CAP (crop diversification, winter cover, permanent pasture …) Farm All parcels Pastures COP and SA E Olive trees Parcels on slopes tion a c i f i t n a F Qu Parcels along river A Landscape features forest More complex land useland cover management Almost all areas to consider but urban Area Environment Agriculture Crop group GAEC Greening Remote Sensing Control Land maintenance EFA quantification Increased VHR images need (at least 50 cm + maybe 3 D information) 12

Technical management of CAP 2020 Proposed Horizontal Regulation “CAP Towards 2020” foresees continuation of Cw. RS as part of On The Spot Checks (also IACS and LPIS maintenance) Work on implications of the new CAP regulation on: - the IACS (management system) - LPIS (parcel reference system) - OTS checks (control methods) Technical solutions more than ever based on Geospatial data and geomatic 13

Use of Geospatial data Support detailed characterization of rural landscapes (Study done by Ekotoxa, CZ) Landscape features (location, type, area) Hedgerow Group of trees Isolated trees Pond Ancient monument … Land use / land cover (location, type, area) Crop type pasture Forest Permanent crop Fallow land Buffer strips … Eligibility of land 100% eligible 14 14

Use of geospatial data … Automatic linear features extraction of VHR images 3 D view UAV image 15

Sound management of rural areas (LPIS as cornerstone) LPIS + Satellite imagery + additional GIS layers (Digital Elevation Model, …) Location of: Parcels in vulnerable zones, rivers and green cover buffer, features. . Taking benefit of INSPIRE directive 3 D view of rural landscape Provide relevant information to farmers (digital, paper) Increase awareness on Cross Compliance (Advice: FAS) Reduce risk of infringements Evaluate & monitor CAP impact on natural resources Mo s from t of th geo emes spa tial derive d dat a 16