George Frideric Handel 1685 1759 If I merely

George Frideric Handel 1685 -1759 “If I merely entertain them, Then I have failed. I wish to make them better. ” -George Frideric Handel 1

Halle Germany Photo by: Tamas Szalai

Beginnings: • Born February 23 rd 1685 to George Handel and Dorothea Taust. • Said to have concealed a clavichord in his home for fear of his father finding it. • The Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels discovered Handel’s talent and urged his father to seek musical training for him • Played at the organ for the Domkirche.

1702 Italy 1702, Italy Photo by: Kendra Larsen

Italian opera and Baroque: • At the age of 22 wrote Agrippina his first opera, performed in Venice. • became an accomplished violinist and harpsichordist. • Invited by the future king of England, King Georg Ludwig, to visit London.

1712 London Photo by: Niju Vashikaran

A British Subject: • Rinaldo, performed During his first visit to London became a huge success • Water Music, performed for the king on the river Thames • Composed Zadock the Priest for the kings coronation ceremony, performed now at every coronation. • February 1727 Handel Became a naturalized british citizen

Burial: At his request, Handel was laid to rest within Westminster Abbey’s famous Poets Corner. "He is the greatest composer that ever lived. I would uncover my head and kneel before his tomb. " —Ludwig van Beethoven, quoted in Percy M Young, Handel (1947)

Handel’s Oratorios towards the end of his life Handel’s work was comprised mostly of oratorio’s. (large vocal choirs accompanied by the orchestra) solomon Saul Oratorio Messiah Jeptha

Hallelujah Chorus: one of Handel’s most recognizable oratorio’s today. On composing Messiah, Handel is said to have remarked (1741), "I did think I did see all Heaven before me and the great God Himself. " this piece by Handel is traditionally performed during the Christmas season. This recording features Kent Nagano conducting in Notre Dame On composing Messiah, Handel is said to have

Listening to Handel’s Messiah Chorus Here is a listening guide for this piece performed in New York City 2004 with Johann Strauss orchestra and the Harlem gospel choir. Much of the piece is a repetition of the same phrases with different accents introduced throughout. Featured is the voice of men and women with the accompaniment of the orchestra. • : 01 introduction by the orchestra which builds straight into the introduction of voice with the first Hallelujah • : 06 both men and women sing in homophony Hallelujah. The orchestra begins the trend of immediately highlighting the previous words after hallelujah which is mimicked by the voice and the orchestra through the rest of the piece. • : 22 the first recitative sung by women voices is introduced immediately followed by hallelujah. • : 31 men’s voices now recite the previous recitative again followed by Hallelujah. • : 42 an exchange starting with the soprano voices begins singing “for the lord god omnipotent reigneth” at which time the men sing variations on Hallelujah. This transitions back and forth until the next recitative in introduced. • 1: 06 in homophony all “sing the kingdom of this world is become the kingdom of our lord and of his Christ”. This is followed by again all singing “and he shall reign forever and ever. This In similar fashion to the previous exchange. • 1: 41 a gradual building of “king of king and lord of lords” is begun by the women voices which is held at the end of each syllable while the men singing hallelujah • 2: 28 men mimic the same pattern the women’s voices had previously but without the gradual build on each interval. • 2: 42 all sing in unison the each piece of recitative • 2: 57 the final decent is begun • 3: 04 silence • 3: 06 contrasting off the previous silence all voices and orchestra begin the last grandiose Hallelujah ending on the same note.

References: Chartwell Books. Great composers. England: Chartwell Books, 1989. Print. Hogwood, Christopher. Handel: Water Music and Music for the Royal Fireworks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2005. web. Mainwaring, John. Memoirs of the life of the late George Frederic Handel. Fargis, Paul (1998). The New York Public Library Desk Reference (third ed. ). New York: Macmillan General Reference. pp. 262.