Geohazard Supersites and Natural Laboratories Report to DLR

Geohazard Supersites and Natural Laboratories Report to DLR Falk Amelung, GEO task leader September 2011

Hawaii Supersite

Hawaii Supersite (1) : Kilauea crater rim instability Halemaumau crater Terra. SAR-X interferogram Summit vent processed using 30 m DEM Richter & Poland, HVO Photos: HVO

Hawaii Supersite (1) : Kilauea crater rim instability Halemaumau crater Terra. SAR-X interferogram Summit vent processed using 3 m DEM Richter & Poland, HVO Photos: HVO

Hawaii Supersite (1) : Kilauea crater rim instability Terra. SAR-X interferogram Summit vent processed using 3 m DEM Richter & Poland, HVO

Hawaii Supersite (1) : Kilauea crater rim instability Growth with time Richter & Poland, HVO

Hawaii Supersite (2) : Slow Slip Event at Kilauea • We are looking for a 0. 5 fringe signal near the coast in this image • Atmospheric artifacts dominate the signal in each interferogram • Will use time series methods to extract the signature Interferograms courtesy Piyush Agram From Howard Zebker, Stanford University

Kilauea rift eruption March 2011 A propagating fissure (surface expression of a dike)

Hawaii Supersite (3) : Kilauea’s magma system LOS velocity from SBAS time-series Displacement [cm] February 2011 intrusion Envisat Post-intrusion inflation GPS station inside caldera TSX ALOS Intrusion causes step in time series! GPS Baker and Amelung, U of Miami

Mt. Etna Supersite

Mt. Etna Supersite: Terra. SAR-X Descending Orbits Time Interval: Sep 2008 – Dec 2009 27 acquisitions 76 Interferograms Ground Resolution: ~ 30 meters Look Angle: 42. 9 deg Mean deformation velocity < -6 >6 cm/year

ENVISAT vs. Terra. SAR-X: Spatial Coverage Terra. SAR-X ENVISAT 30 x 30 m m 90 x 90

Terra. SAR-X vs. ENVISAT: Time Sampling ENVISAT: 35 days Terra. SAR-X: 11 days

Tohoku-oki earthquake Supersite

Tohoku-Oki earthquake event Supersite Pixel tracking offset of M 6. 6 aftershock of April 11 Colorscale 3 m 17 March, 19 April images E. Fielding, JPL

Hispaniola Supersite USGS open file report Septentrional fault: • seismic hazard very high in • GPS: ~10 mm/yr slip rate Dominican Republic! • pop. 10 million, 5 million tourists/yr • Last earthquake about 1230 A. D. (8 m displacement accumulated) • minimal seismic network (2 people) magnitude 7. 5 -8 overdue! •

Hispaniola Supersite Objective: estimate seismic hazard in Santiago, D. R. (2 million pop. ) Terra. SAR-X interferograms Expected signal 11 days 22 days ~5 mm/yr LOS velocity Coherence sufficient slip rate measurement possible with 2 -3 years of data! Need acquisitions every 11 -22 days ! Fattahi, Wdowinski, Amelung, U of Miami