Geography tools Inmaculada Magdaleno What is geography It
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Geography tools Inmaculada Magdaleno
What is geography? It could be: It is the science which studies the Earth from a spatial perspective. General geography: it analyzes the main phenomena which affect the planet. Regional geography: the study of the features which distinguish the different regions of the Earth To think and act with criteria. What is geography used for? To describe the Earth and its people To understand explain the Earth´s space
Aerial photographs are taken from an aircraft. The distorsions are corrected in orthophotos. They are used to make maps and measure distances accurately Study the image Identify the most important spatial elements To make this we must Describe the elements Explain the changes to the natural environment Assess the positive and negative effects of the changes.
Types of maps Topographic maps: provide varios types of informations: relief area, rivers, vegetation and human activity. Thematic maps: represent the spatial distribution of a specific geographic feature The title Geographic coordinate system Elements of the maps Orientation symbol Toponymy Scale Legend
Geographic coordinates Meridians are half circles which connect the North and South poles. Parallels are circles which are perpendicular to the meridians Greenwich meridian is called the Prime Meridian (0º) The largest parallel is the Equator (0º). It divides the Earth into two equal hemispheres Longitude tells us how many degrees west or east of the Prime Meridian a place is located Latitude indicates how many degrees north or south a place is respected to the Equator
Latitude and Longitude The earth is divided into lots of lines
Lines • Longitude lines run north and south. • Latitude lines run east and west. • The lines measure distances in degrees. de u t i t La Longitude
The equator is 0 degree latitude. It is an imaginary belt that runs halfway point between the North Pole and the South Pole. Equator
The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude. This imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica.
Graphs Bar graph are used to compare the same fact at different times, places or categories Used to To show the evolution of data over time as well as the relationships between different data Pie charts are used to represent the distribution of data in a circle. To learn more about graphs click here.
