Geography Government Warfare in Greece Geography Shapes Greece

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Geography, Government & Warfare in Greece

Geography, Government & Warfare in Greece

Geography Shapes Greece • Located in the Mediterranean Sea • Has a rugged coastline

Geography Shapes Greece • Located in the Mediterranean Sea • Has a rugged coastline and many rocky islands • Could not create one large empire because of this • Created many city-states cut off from one another by water or mountains

Stop & Write: • How was the geography of Greece different from the geography

Stop & Write: • How was the geography of Greece different from the geography of other classic civilizations we have studied (Egypt, China, India)? – It did not form around a major river valley

Geography Shapes Greece • Because of their geography, Greeks became skilled sea sailors and

Geography Shapes Greece • Because of their geography, Greeks became skilled sea sailors and traders • They traded olive oil, wine, and marble, but most importantly adopted new ideas, which they adapted to their own needs – Example: They adopted and modified the Phoenician Alphabet to create the Greek Language

Stop & Write: • Why was the sea so important to the Greeks? –

Stop & Write: • Why was the sea so important to the Greeks? – It encouraged trade and commerce, as well as cultural diffusion and the spread of new ideas

Governing the City-States • Greeks developed a unique form of a city state called

Governing the City-States • Greeks developed a unique form of a city state called a polis • The polis was made up of a major city and the countryside around it

Governing the City-States • There were two parts to a city-state: – 1. Acropolis

Governing the City-States • There were two parts to a city-state: – 1. Acropolis – high city built on top of a hill – 2. Agora – walled city w/homes and marketplaces • People were very involved in the life of their polis • Male citizens held all of the power

Governing the City-States • Two different forms of government evolved: – 1. Monarchy –

Governing the City-States • Two different forms of government evolved: – 1. Monarchy – rule by a king – 2. Oligarchy – rule by a few wealthy elites

Development of Greek Warfare • Iron weapons replaced bronze ones, making it affordable for

Development of Greek Warfare • Iron weapons replaced bronze ones, making it affordable for ordinary citizens to have helmets, shields, and swords • Greek warriors were called hoplites and were heavily armed

Development of Greek Warfare • Greeks developed a method of fighting called the phalanx,

Development of Greek Warfare • Greeks developed a method of fighting called the phalanx, a close rectangular formation of heavily-armed foot soldiers • Warfare developed a strong sense of unity among Greek people

Stop & Write: • Why was warfare important to Greek society? – It encouraged

Stop & Write: • Why was warfare important to Greek society? – It encouraged unity among different classes throughout Greece because they all fought together

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