GEOGRAPHY Ancient Egypt is situated in the North

GEOGRAPHY: Ancient Egypt is situated in the North of Africa, near the Nile. Ancient Egyptian divided their town in 2 sides: one was the “black land” and the other was the “red land”. The “black land” was the most fertile, only there they could grow their cops because of the flooding of the Nile, and the ”red land” was a barren desert that protected the Egyptians from neighbouring and invading armies. LANGUAGE SPOKEN: People think that Egyptian is the oldest language in the world, between 2000 B. C. and 2600 B. C. The language is written by Hieroglyphics on the walls. The scientist had discovered that the Egyptian had two phases, the first was the Ancient Egyptian that it has been becoming in the actual Egyptian language.

Name: Abu Simbel Continent: MIDDLE-EAST Alt Name: Temples of Ramesses II Country: Egypt Period: Ancient Egypt Sub-Region: Date: 2000 BC - 1001 BC City/Town: Abu Simbel Figure: Pharaoh Ramesses II Name: Abusir Pyramids Continent: MIDDLE-EAST Alt Name: Abu Sir Country: Egypt Period: Ancient Egypt Sub-Region: Date: 3000 BC - 2001 BC City/Town: Cairo Figure: Resorts: Cairo, Banha, Name: Abydos Continent: MIDDLE-EAST Alt Name: Temple of Seti I Country: Egypt Period: Ancient Egypt Sub-Region: Date: 2000 BC - 1001 BC City/Town: Qina Figure: Pharaoh Ramesses II Resorts: Luxor,

DAILY LIFE: The daily life was around the Nile and the fertile land along its banks. The yearly flooding of the Nile enriched the soil and brought good harvests and wealth to the land. They built their houses with mudbrick. They grew their food and they made exchanges to get things they couldn’t produce. Most ancient egyptians were farmers, craftsmen and scribes. Some of them were nobles. CLOTHING: They used linen to make their clothes because of the hot. The pharaohs would wear leopard skins over their shoulders and added a lion’s tail to hang from their belt. The men wore wrap around skirts known as the Shendyt, which were belted at the waist. Egyptian women wore full length straight dresses with one or two shoulder straps. The dresses worn by rich Egyptian women were made from fine transparent linen. Like the men, rich Egyptian women decorated their clothes and wore jewellery and headdresses. Their footwear were sandals. FOOD: The poorest people ate a healthy diet of fruits and vegetables. The rich ate meat of many kinds, mostly cows and sheep. The rich drank wine and almost everybody else drank beer.

FAMILIES: Egyptians mostly lived in families made up of a mother and a father and children, just as many people do today. But their families often had five or more children, because so many children died before they grew up. GIRLS: Girls usually lived at home until they were about 15 -19 years old, when they got married. BOYS: Boys often continued living in their parents' house even after they got married, with their new wife. SCHOOL: The Ancient Egyptians had schools but these were exclusively for males who were in training to be scribes and officials for the priesthood or civil administration. The royal family had their own special tutors and the ordinary people were educated at home.

WHAT ARE THEY? : Egyptian hieroglyphs were a formal writing system used by the ancient Egyptians that combined logographic and alphabetic elements. WHY WERE THEY USED? : hieroglyphic signs were used to keep records of the king's possessions. Scribes could easily make these records by drawing a picture of a cow or a boat followed by a number. But as the language became more complex more pictures were needed. Eventually the language consisted of more then 750 individual signs.

Pyramids were constructed by large work gangs over a period of many years. The Pyramid started in the third dynasty and ended in the Second Intermediate Period. A pyramid's large square base creates a very stable structure. A number of astronomical observations were used to precisely align its corners with the four cardinal points. There may have been several ramps on each side of the pyramid. It may have been built by only 20, 000 men over 20 years. There actually over 100 pyramids in Egypt although many of them are relatively unknown. The majority of pyramids are grouped around and near the city of Cairo, just south of the Nile Delta. Only one royal pyramid is known in southern Egypt, located at Abydos.

Why? The pyramids were built to protect the body of the deceased pharaoh. . It was believed that while alive, the pharaoh represented Horus and upon his death he represented Osiris. How? How were the blocks transported to the pyramids? By man power. The vast majority of the blocks weighed in the region of 2. 5 tons and were transported on wooden sledges. The work force was not one of slaves , the Egyptians didn't need slaves.