Geography a descriptive science dealing with the surface

Geography ~ a descriptive science dealing with the surface of the earth, its division into continents and countries, and climate~

Cardinal Directions u North u South u East u West

Projections ~various plans to represent the earth~ u Mercator Projection u Robinson Projection u Goode’s Interrupted (Equal Area) u Polar Projection

Mercator Google images

Robinson

Goode’s Interrupted

Polar

Longitude & Latitude u Longitude lines = Vertical lines & Meridians ~measures East and West (degrees) ~runs North and South ~longitude starts at 0 degrees, known as the Prime Meridian. u Latitude lines = Horizontal & parallel lines ~measures North and South (degrees) ~runs East and West ~latitude starts at 0 degrees, known as the Equator

Hemispheres u Northern u Southern u Eastern u Western

Types of Maps u Cartography: – Maps are produced by cartographers. Cartography refers both the study of maps and the process of map-making. u Political – Boundaries – Cities & Capitals – Oceans u Physical (Topography) – Deserts – Mountains – Lakes – Swamps/marsh land – Forests http: //geography. about. com

Absolute Location u Definition: – A point on the earth's surface expressed by a coordinate system such as latitude and longitude. u Example: – I need to find that treasure using absolute location, not by some silly written description on the back of this old map! http: //geography. about. com

Relative Location u Definition: – A location of a place in relation to another place (i. e. south or downhill). u Example: – The relative location of Kansas City, Missouri is just east of Kansas City, Kansas. http: //geography. about. com