Geographical MultiRepresentation Striving for the Hyphenation JeanFranois Hangout

Geographical Multi-Representation: Striving for the Hyphenation Jean-François Hangouët IGN, Cogit Lab. , Mur

This Talk: What “Multi-Representation” implies • • Representation Multi-Representation Geographical Multi-Representation in the Computer 2 / 16

A Representation: a Surrogate for a Phenomenon • Phenomenon: Fact that presents itself • Surrogate: Construct to show the phenomenon, involving… – – Attention (the constructor’s vision) Medium (“that where imprint forms”) Inscription (the imprint itself: the picture, the bits etc. ) Reception (the reading by others of the representation) 3 / 16

Representation = (P, A, M, I, R) Media Inscriptions Phenomena Attentions Receptions 4 / 16

“Fractality” of Representation M M I I M I P A R P P A A R R 5 / 16

Multi-Representation • Several Representations… • … co-ordinated… • … for their mutual augmentation • Possible on {(Pi, Ai, Mi, Ii, Ri)} when… • P 1 = P 2 = P 3 = … = Pn 6 / 16

Augmentative Co-Ordination I M P A P R Not possible I M A R Possible 7 / 16

Sufficient Effective Co-Ordination • • Comparing A 1, A 2, … An Comparing M 1, M 2, … Mn Comparing I 1, I 2, … In Comparing R 1, R 2, … Rn … • … for what the differences show of the Phenomenon 8 / 16

Comparing, i. e. • What is similar (redundancy) • What is specific (contribution) • What is incompatible (error or indecidability) • What is deducible only in the combination (holism effect) 9 / 16

Augmentative Co-Ordination I M P A R Achieved 10 / 16

Geographical Representation: Representation of a Geographic Phenomenon Media Inscriptions Geographic Phenomena Attentions Receptions i. e. “geographic” in the etymological sense: “geo-graphic” (that may be graven on the earth) 11 / 16

Geographical Multi-Representation • • • Same phenomenon Different attentions (inclinations, scales…) Different media (place-names, songs…) Different inscriptions (map by x, map by y) Different receptions • A map + its documentation: an example of Geographical Multi-Representation 12 / 16

In the Computer • Geographical representations: – Indirect: scanned map, e-bookified manual… – Direct: true raster, vector • Co-ordination for multi-representation: – Looking for the phenomenon – Storing meaningful differences between Attentions, Media, Inscriptions, Receptions 13 / 16

Example: Looking for the Phenomenon, and Comparing Inscriptions and Receptions • • Similar parts Specific parts Incompatible parts Enriching parts • • Operations with similar results Specific operations Incompatible operations Operations on combination 14 / 16

General Implementation Model Phenomenon Rep 1 Rep 2 Attention Similarity Specificity Incompatibility Holism Medium Similarity Specificity Incompatibility Holism Inscription Similarity Specificity Incompatibility Holism Reception Similarity Specificity Incompatibility Holism 15 / 16

Cogit Approach • Context: – Unification of IGN’s vector databases – Mur Project • Strategy: – Linking similar inscriptions in the computer – Computer-aided analysis of differences – Observations synthesized – Useful elements implemented 16 / 16