Genital System Male Genital System Female genital System
- Slides: 19
Genital System ●Male Genital System ● Female genital System 1 - Testicles (testes) 2 - Epididymis 3 - Ductus deferentes (vas deferens) - spermatic cord - scrotum - vaginal tunics 4 - The penis 5 - Accessory genital glands 6 - The male urethra 8 h
The Epididymis: It is very long highly tortuous canal. head Attached to the testis along the epididymial border. Function : Storage , maturation and transportation of sperms. body testicular bursa tail
Parts of epididymis : It consists of: 1 -Head: consists of number of efferent ductules (15 -20) which unite to form epididymal duct that continues with D. D. at tail of epididymis. 2 - Body: extends along the epididymal border of the testis. Testicular bursa (opens laterally) is formed between them. 3 -Tail: is the caudal (distal) spherical part of epididymis. It is fixed by two ligaments into : A-The tail extremity of testis by proper ligament of testis. B-The parietal layer of vaginal tunic by ligament of the tail of the epididymis.
Fixation of epididymis : a) Head → is fixed to head of testis by head efferent ductules a) Tail → is fixed by 2 ligaments as body mentioned before. tail proper ligament of the testis
Length of epididymis : It has very long tortous canal extends from 2 meters in cat to 75 meters in horse. Epididymis in ruminants: Its head forms a cap-like structure, which extends down the cranial border of testis to about 1/4 of its length. Its tail is rounded & directed slightly caudally. It can be easily palpated through the scrotum.
Ductus deferens: • It extends between tail of the epididymis and pelvic urethra. • It is a tortuous duct at its beginning and becomes straight gradually. P. urethra head ductus deferens Course of D. D: 1. It extends along the testis medial to epididymis 2. Then passes through inguinaltail canal as component of the spermatic cord. U. bladder epididymis testis
It is located at the medial side of the spermatic cord. 4 3 -Then enters the abdominal cavity through vaginal ring and turns caudally toward the pelvic inlet. 3 U. B. Abd. wall Inguinal canal 2 4 - In the pelvic cavity the two ducts enter the genital fold, where they converge toward the pelvic urethra. ↑ testis ↑ 1
Pl. cavity Abd. cavity
Termination of ductus deferens • Near the end its wall thickens to form ampulla ductus deferens Ampulla is: = well developed in equines and ruminants. = poorly developed in dog and camel = absent in cat and pig. Vas deferens u. bladder b. ampulla s. v.
1 -In equines and ruminants: the duct of the ampulla unites with duct of vesicular gland ejaculatory duct opens in colliculus seminalis. Vas deferens Ampulla Ejaculatory duct Vesiculae gland Colliculs seminalis 2 - In pig: the ductus deferens and the excretory duct of vesicular gland open separately. No ampulla Colliculs seminalis Vesiculae gland 3 - In dog : there is No vesicular gland so that the ductus deferens enters the pelvic urethra alone. Ampulla Colliculs seminalis
Spermatic cord: • Spermatic cord suspends the Spermatic cord testis into the scrotum • It contains all the structures which enter and leave the testis. • It passes through the inguinal canal
It is invested by: 1) external spermatic fascia (from external oblique abd. M. ) 2) cremasteric fascia& muscle (from internal oblique abd. M. ) 3) internal spermatic fascia (from transverse abd. Fascia) Ext. spermatic fascia Cremasteric fascia Tunica vaginalis viseralis Vessels & nerves Cremasteric m. Vas def. + A. &V. Internal spermatic fascia Mesofaniculum Tunica vaginalis parietalis
Contents of spermatic cord: 1 - Testicular artery. 2 - Testicular veins. 3 - lymphatic. 4 - Testicular plexus of autonomic nerves. 5 -Bundles of smooth muscles (internal cremasteric muscle ). 6 - Ductus deferens and deferential artery and vein (lies medial to spermatic cord) 7 - Visceral layer of tunica vaginalis. * The first four components form the vascular part of the spermatic cord
Scrotum - It is cutaneous pouch contains the testis, epididymis & adjacent part of ductus deference. - It is marked externally by scrotal raphe which indicates position of scrotal septum. Function : 1 - Protection. 2 -Thermoregulatory function. (This action takes place through external cremaster muscle and tunica dartos).
Layers of scrotum : 1 - skin __ relatively thin, well provided with sweat & sebaceous glands. 2 -Tunica dartos __is fibroelastic tissue & S. M. F. is derived from superficial abdomenial fascia. It forms scrotal septum which divides scrotum into 2 pouchs 3 - Scrotal fasciae : a) External spermatic F. __dervied from aponeurosis of ext. oblique abd. M. b) Cremasteric F. & M. _dervied from internal oblique abd. M. c) Internal spermatic F. __dervied from transverse abd. Fascia 4 -Parietal layer of vaginal tunic ___continues with parietal layer of peritoneum.
Scrotum skin Tunica dartos Ext. sprm. fascia Cremasteric fascia Int. sperm. fascia Tunica vag. parietalis Tunica vag. visceralis testis
Tunica vaginalis
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