Genetics You Tube Mr Lee Genetics rap homozygous
Genetics
• You. Tube - Mr. Lee - Genetics rap
homozygous 2 of the same alleles for a trait examples: P P, p p, T T, t t
Punnett squares • are tools to help geneticists predict the probability of certain traits in offspring by showing all of the ways the parents’ alleles can combine
heredity • the passing of traits to offspring (children, young, descendents)
genes • the factors or substances that control traits
genetics • the study of heredity
heterozygous 2 different alleles for a trait examples: P p, T t
offspring • the new organism produced by a parent or parents (ex: children, young; synonym: descendents)
alleles • the different forms of a gene G G Gg g g G and g
Gregor Mendel • “Father of Genetics” • An Austrian monk who studied the traits of pea plants
recessive allele • an allele that is hidden when a dominant allele is present; can be masked by another allele • These characteristics only “show up” if both alleles for a trait are this type. t
genotype • the genetic makeup of an organism that determines the phenotype • the allele combination • (letters representing dominant and recessive alleles) – ex. PP
traits • characteristics that parents can pass to offspring (ex: eye color, hair color, shape of eyebrows)
phenotype • a physical trait of an organism (what it looks like) – ex. purple flower
purebred another way to refer to homozygous genotypes 2 of the same alleles for a trait examples: P P, p p, T T, t t
dominant allele • an allele that can mask another allele and always “shows up” if present T
hybrid another way to refer to heterozygous genotypes 2 different alleles for a trait examples: P p, T t
probability • the relative possibility that an event will occur
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