Genetics Mitosis Makes body cells Daughter cells are










































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Genetics

Mitosis • Makes body cells • Daughter cells are identical to parent cells • Asexual

Meiosis • Makes sex cells ( gametes, sperm/ egg) • Daughter cells are different from parent cells • Sexual

Steps of Cell Cycle • • • Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis

Interphase • Cell grows, DNA doubles

Prophase • DNA condenses into chromosomes

Metaphase • DNA in Middle of cell

Anaphase • DNA moves apart toward opposite ends of the cell

Telophase • Two Nuclei

Cytokinesis • Cell Splits, dividing into 2 cells

Crossing Over • Gives variation in sexually reproducing species

DNA • Double stranded • Made of nucleotides

DNA • Each nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen base

DNA • The nitrogen bases are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine • A pairs with T • C pairs with G

DNA Replication • When 1 piece becomes 2

RNA • Single stranded • The base Uracil replaces Thymine • A pairs with U • C pairs with G

3 kinds- m. RNA, r. RNA, t. RNA • m. RNA- is the message • r. RNA-Reads the message • t. RNA- takes the amino acid to the growing protein chain

Transcription • DNA makes m. RNA • Happens in the nucleus

Translation • RNA makes the Protein • Happens at the ribosome • All 3 types of RNA help

Mutation • A random change in the base (letters)

DNA Technology

Amniocentesis • Takes fluid from pregnant mom, karyotype performed on skin cells taken from fluid

Karyotype • Picture of the chromosomes of the baby, can tell if baby has certain problems based on chromosome number and location

Down Syndrome • Caused by trisomy (3 chromosomes) at #21

Gel Electrophoresis • DNA fingerprint, band pattern, crime and paternity

Transgenic Organisms • Organism with DNA from 2 different species • Example grapples, human insulin bacteria

Cloning • Making identical genetic copies of an organism • Dolly

Punnett Squares

Trait • Characteristic • Eye color, hair color

Allele • Options • Brown, blue, green. Hazel eye color

Dominant • Trait the shows

Recessive • Trait that hides, unless you get it from both parents

Homozygous/Pure • Both traits the same • TT or tt

Heterozygous/Hybrid • Both traits are different • Tt

Phenotype • Physical appearance • Tall, Blue AA Aa aa

Genotypes • Types of genes • Homozygous recessive (rr) GG – Homozygous Dominant Gg – Heterozygous gg – Homozygous Recessive

Evolution • • • Charles Darwin Overproduction of offspring Variation Competition Survival of the Fittest

Evidences of Evolution • Fossils • Comparative Anatomy

Comparative Anatomy • Homologous Structures- same structure, different function. • Ex. Human arm, whale flipper, bird wind

Comparative Anatomy • Analogous Structures – Different structure, same function • Ex. Bird wing, butterfly wing

Comparative Anatomy • Vestigial Structure- organ no longer used, gets smaller • Ex. Human appendix and tailbone

Evidences of Evolution • Embryology-Comparing embryos of different species • Biochemistry- comparing DNA sequences
Antigentest åre
King henry's daughter makes delicious chocolate muffins
Handwriting คือ
Introduction body 1 body 2 body 3 conclusion
Anaphase 1 vs anaphase 2 meiosis
Meiosis
When does crossing over occur in meiosis
Cell having 6 chromosomes that undergoes meiosis
Cells undergoing mitosis
Cell division
Bone cell mitosis
Waters view with open mouth
Tubular lumen
Parafollicular
Gametes vs somatic cells
Somatic vs germ cells
Chlorocruorin
Eukaryotic vs prokaryotic cells
Animal rights and animal welfare venn diagram
Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes venn diagram
Organelle trail
Masses of cells form and steal nutrients from healthy cells
Younger cells cuboidal older cells flattened
What animals have prokaryotic cells
Staphylococcus aureus prokaryotic or eukaryotic
Chapter 8 cellular reproduction cells from cells
Cells and life lesson 1 answer key
Body tissue
The four major categories of tissues are
100 trillion cells in the human body
How many cells are in the human body
Body tissues chapter 3 cells and tissues
Body organization
Meiosis
100 trillion cells
Body tissues chapter 3 cells and tissues
What does holden fantasize about
Parts of leg
Maintaining a healthy body composition and body image
Muscle
Carnivalesque body vs classical body
Classification of body membranes
Hibbeler