Genetics and Genetic Engineering terms bagar porous gelatin
Genetics and Genetic Engineering
terms bagar- porous gelatin like material used as a support matrix for living cells in artificial environments
centrifuge bdevice for separating substances on the basis of density
clones borganisms or cells of nearly identical genetic makeup derived from a single source
complementary bcontaining structures that match or bond with related structures
electrophoresis btechnique used to separate migrating molecules in an electrical field
Excise bto remove a part by a process similar to cutting
Expression bthe appearance of a trait directed by a gene
Genetic code ba series of three nucleotide bases that determine the amino acid order and the proteins formed in cell reproduction
Genetic Engineering btechnology involved in removing, modifying, or adding genes to a DNA molecule
Genetics bscience dealing with passage of traits from one generation to another
Host ba cell or organism that harbors another organism or DNA from a foreign source
Hybrid boffspring or cell originating from parents with differing genetic makeup
Ligase benzyme used to join two pieces of DNA
Molecular weight bsum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in a molecule
Mutation ba heritable change in genetic makeup
Nucleotides bbuilding blocks of nucleic acid composed of a sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
Plasmid ba small, usually circular, piece of DNA that is separate from the chromosomal DNA
Polymerase ban enzyme that joins nucleotides to make nucleic acid
Recombinant DNA b. DNA that has been altered by genetic engineering
Restriction enzyme brestriction endonuclease benzyme that cuts DNA strands at specific sites
sequence border of nucleotides or amino acids
template ba pattern used for developing a complementary structure
trait ba characteristic resulting from gene expression
transform bto change the genetic makeup of an organism by alteration of the DNA
vector ban agent such as a plasmid used to transfer DNA into a host cell
Living material b. Organism - unit of living matter capable of independent function and reproduction
Complex Organism bhigher organism ban organism with cells, tissues, and organs arranged to function as a single unit bex. Plants, animals, humans
Organ barrangement of tissues which provides life support function for an organism bleaf is an organ that carries out respiration, transpiration and ps.
Tissue barrangement of cells with similar structures in clusters or sheets for specific function in an organ
Cell bsmallest structural unit of living matter that is capable of carrying out basic life processes
Basic Cell structures bcell wall - protective layer in plants that keeps the cell intact
cell membrane bdelicate structure that surrounds the cell
chloroplasts bsite of photosynthesis in plant cells bcontain some DNA
Cytoplasm bcell fluid containing all cell structures
Nucleus bcontrol center of a cell bcontains most of the DNA
Chromosomes bstructures that are physical carriers of genes bmade p of DNA bare located in cell nucleus
Mitochondria benergy producing structures in the cell cytoplasm bcontain some DNA
Plasmid bextra chromosomal piece of DNA blocated in the cell cytoplasm
Ribosome bsite where new proteins are produced bresult of genetic expression
Cell reproduction bmitosis - occurs in body (somatic) cells bincreases by simple division bchromosomes remain paired during cell division
meiosis boccurs in reproductive cells (gametes)
meiosis bincreases by division into single chromosomes and recombination of male and female cells to form a new individual
meiosis bone chromosome from each parent forms the new pair beach organism has a specific number of paired chromosomes
Genetic engineering btechnology involved in removing, modifying, or adding genes to a DNA molecule
Genetic engineering bmovement of a gene from one organism to another
Other names brecombinant DNA technology brecombinant DNA science bgene transfer bgene splicing gene cloning
Naturally occurring balternations in the genetic makeup of plants and animals allow them to respond to changes in their environment
Naturally occurring bsome bacteria and viruses change the function of cells by inserting their DNA into the DNA of the cell
Naturally occurring bnatural selection ensures that the adapted individual leaves offspring for the next generation
Scientific Gen eng. b. Scientists have developed the ability to transfer genetic material from one organism to another
Scientific Gen eng. b. Plasmids found in some organisms can be engineered to accept DNA from other sources
Scientific Gen eng. b. Restriction enzymes are used to cut the DNA at specific sites bcut ends of plasmid rings can accept pieces of DNA from other organisms
Scientific Gen eng. b. The ability to cut and splice DNA segments is providing many opportunities for changing the function of organisms
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