Genetic Testing What is Genetic Testing Looks at
- Slides: 7
Genetic Testing
What is Genetic Testing? • Looks at – Chromosomes – Genes – Proteins • Inherited disorders • Definite? Probable? Possible?
Predictive Testing • Who? – Anyone -- any stage of life • What? – Used to detect gene mutations associated with disorders that appear after birth, often later in life. • Definite -- Huntington’s Disease • Possible -- breast cancer, colon cancer – Can be helpful to people who have a family member with a genetic disorder - Can also CONFIRM a diagnosis
Newborn Screening • Who? – Newborns (within 1 week of birth) – In WI, it is the law (screens for 48 disorders) • What? – Identify genetic disorders that can be treated early in life. – Blood test -- screens for metabolic and genetic abnormalities – Any abnormal results require a rescreen and further follow-up tests – http: //www. slh. wisc. edu/newborn/
Carrier Testing • Who? – Parents: • Families with a history of recessive genetic disorders (ex. cystic fibrosis, tay-sachs, sickle cell anemia) • From certain ethnic groups with an increased risk of specific genetic conditions. • What? – Identifies people who carry one copy of a gene mutation that, when present in two copies, causes a genetic disorder. – If both parents are tested, the test can provide information about a couple’s risk of having a child with a genetic condition.
Prenatal Testing • Who? – Offered during pregnancy if increased risk of genetic or chromosomal disorder – DNA is taken from the fetus • What? – Detects changes in a fetus’s genes or chromosomes before birth (ex. Down’s syndrome) • Can lessen a couple’s uncertainty or help them make decisions about a pregnancy. • Cannot identify all possible inherited disorders and birth defects
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) • Who? – Embryos • What? – IVF -- test for genetic changes in embryo before implantation – Can reduce the risk of having a child with a particular genetic or chromosomal disorder. – In some ways, with PGD you can choose the traits of your kids. – GATTACA
- What he looks like or how he looks like
- What he looks like or how he looks like
- Genetic programming vs genetic algorithm
- What is gene flow and genetic drift
- Gene pool
- What is the difference between genetic drift and gene flow
- Genetic programming vs genetic algorithm
- Black-box testing disebut juga sebagai behavioral testing