Genetic multiplexing towards new applications of MPGDs Sbastien

Genetic multiplexing: towards new applications of MPGDs Sébastien Procureur CEA-Saclay

Content → Introduction & genetic multiplexing → Results with a 1 D 50 x 50 cm² Micromegas → 2 D, resistive, multiplexed detector and industrialization → Some large scale applications - Homeland security Volcanology Soil exploration (archeology, mining) FET-Open proposition (H 2020) → Conclusion and perspectives Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

MPGDs & real world → After ~20 years of operation, Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors are widely used in particle physics, but applications outside labs are still very rare. The reasons of their success in fundamental research: excellent track & detection capabilities - Spatial resolutions ≤ 0. 1 mm Time resolution ≤ 10 ns Efficiency close to 100% for charged particles Cheap Small radiation length However, several drawbacks often make them incompatible with other applications - Large scale production 2009 -2014: Process industrialization (GEM foil, bulk MM) - Robustness ~2010: Resistive strip technology (MM), THGEM - Size of required electronics 2012: Genetic multiplexing - (Gas, HV) Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

Genetic multiplexing Starting point: use redundancy in MPGD signal → in most cases, a signal is recorded on at least 2 neighbouring strips We make use of this redundancy to combine channels with strips in such a way that 2 given channels are connected to neighbouring strips only once in the detector 1 2 The sequence of channels uniquely codes the position on the detector… → the connection {channels}n �{strips}p is represented by a p list of channel numbers → degree of multiplexing can be easily adapted to incident particle flux → more information: S. Procureur, R. Dupré and S. Aune, NIM A 729 (2013), 888 For n channels, there a priori n(n-1)/2 unordered doublets combinations, and thus one can equip a detector with at most p = n(n-1)/2+1 strips Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

1 st prototype (1 D) 50 x 50 cm² active area, read with n = 61 channels (highest prime number below 64…) - 488 micron pitch - p= 1024 strips - could have equiped up to 61 x 60/2+1=1831 strips (~90 cm) → Smallest k-uplet repeated: k=15 Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

1 st prototype (1 D) 50 x 50 cm² active area, read with n = 61 channels (highest prime number below 64…) - 488 micron pitch - p= 1024 strips - could have equiped up to 61 x 60/2+1=1831 strips (~90 cm) PCB 50 cm Bulk mesh defect connector Strip capacitance: 1. 3 n. F!! Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

1 st prototype (1 D) Prototype tested in the CLAS 12 cosmic bench (60 x 60 cm² couple of scintillators) Y [mm] Efficiency @ 430 V artefact of the cosmic bench X [mm] → principle works → ~ 90% average efficiency → can be improved with resistive strip technology (more gain & more robust) Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

2 nd prototype (2 D) Resistive strips, 50 x 50 cm² active area, readout with 2 connectors (1 for X, 1 for Y) → strategy: layout & 1 st prototypes @ CERN, and then sent to industrial ELVIA. Failed M-Cube project (D. Attié & S. Procureur) when ordered directly to the industrial. Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

2 nd prototype (2 D) Resistive strips, 50 x 50 cm² active area, readout with 2 connectors (1 for X, 1 for Y) → strategy: layout & 1 st prototypes @ CERN, and then sent to industrial ELVIA. Failed M-Cube project (D. Attié & S. Procureur) when ordered directly to the industrial. → 2 detectors in cosmic bench (n° 3 & 4) Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

Results with cosmics (last week!) event display efficiency @ 460 V 3 -X 3 -Y 4 -X 4 -Y → Working at full efficiency → Still room for improvement on S/N → Analysis in progress (Ph. D S. Bouteille) → Waiting for 4 MM from ELVIA company Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

Large scale applications Reduction of electronics & large production capabilities open new fields of applications → Homeland security: scan large volumes requires large detectors with high resolution Saclay (Fr) Decision Science (US) S. Quillin AECL (Canada) AWE (UK) M. Riallot (M-Cube) + G. Jonkmans Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

Large scale applications - 2 Volcanology: large area detectors with low consumption first results with 80 x 80 cm² scintillators (~1 cm resolution) N. Lesparre et al. → Work in progress for HV power supply @ low consumption, interactions with CAEN Input: 12 V (battery) Output: up to 2. 1 k. V Selectable Imax Photo: G. Di Maio Genetic Multiplexing 0. 5 W per channel! Very good stability in time TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

Large scale applications - 3 Archeology and mining exploration: 20 days 10 51 days day Air box in soil Cylindrical detectors (a la CLAS 12) → Contacts with LRMH (Historical Monuments), AREVA, Schlumberger Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

Proposal for next FET-Open call Goal: develop applications & interactions with industrials on MPGDs - Volcanology (IPG-P, IPN-L) - Homeland (Saclay, Demokritos, Tel Aviv, Lingacom) - Medical imaging (Zaragoza, IMATEK) - Geology (LSBB, IRSN) - CO 2 storage/survey (Schlumberger) - Mining exploration in boreholes (AREVA) - Archeology (LRMH) - Portable dosimetry (Landauer) + ELVIA Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur

Conclusion & perspectives We have built another Micromegas: → ~100 µm resolution (nothing new) → full efficiency (nothing new) → 2 D readout (nothing new but nice) → large area (not so old) → robust (resistive technology, recent) → doable by industrial (quite recent) → only 122 channels instead of ~ 2, 000 (new) Þ Last piece of a long maturity process, which finally opens the door to a bunch of really new applications, including in the industrial world & in society Next steps: - Characterization of same detectors, but from ELVIA company - Tomography of 1 m 3 for homeland security - Tomography of the CEA water tower (no volcano at Saclay!) Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 Photo: M. Vandenbroucke S. Procureur

The (unofficial) M-Cube team → David Attié → Simon Bouteille (student) → Irakli Mandjavidze → Sébastien Procureur → Marc Riallot → Maxence Vandenbroucke (post-doc) → and many thanks to Rui and his team @ CERN Genetic Multiplexing TIPP 14, 04/06/2014 S. Procureur