General Psychology ILB 101 Bangkok University International College

General Psychology ILB 101 นนทวทย เผามหานาคะ Bangkok University International College

Introduction to Psychology • Psyche : Soul / Mind • Logos : Education / Scientific B. E 1879 Philosophy Psychology Wilhelm Max Wundt ( Father of Psychology( Philosophy Scientific Study of Behavior

Objective of Psychology • All behavior is caused. • All behavior is purposive.

Methodology of Psychology Study • Observation; Direct / Indirect Subject Observation of behavior • Survey • Case Study • Psychological / Clinical Test

Methodology of Psychology Study • Experiment § § § Stimulus ----- Response Environment Variables Treatment Max Min Con Principles A B C D

The Major Subfield of Psychology • • Biopsychology Clinical Psychology Cognitive Psychology Counseling Psychology Cross Cultural Psychology Educational Psychology School Psychology

The Major Subfield of Psychology • • Abnormal Psychology Developmental Psychology Experimental Psychology Environmental Psychology Health Psychology Industrial / Organizational Psychology Social Psychology

Definition of Psychology • The scientific study of behavior and mental process. • Behavior can be defined as activities of the individual. • Behavior is in response to a stimulus environmental conditions • Scientific method is an approach to discover relationship between events.

Behavior • The action / activity of Individual Ø Invert Behavior • Memory, Decision • Movement inside the human body; heart beat, lung, kidney. Ø Overt Behavior • Movement / Speaking • Action in a situation • Behavior & Personality

Psychology Perspectives 1. Structuralism (Wilhelm Max Wundt ) • • What is mind ? What are its elements, parts. Applied scientific approach to psychology Belief in soul and mind Conscious, feeling Sensation and image Introspection

Psychology Perspectives 2. Functionalism • • • Environment William James, John Dewey Human What is mind for ? Adaptation Adjustment The mind function / purpose Focus on Human and Environment Behaviorism grew out of Functionalism

Psychology Perspectives 3. Behaviorism ( J. B Watson ) • Psychology is behavior since it can be measured or observed • Denied mind as it cannot be seen or measured With B. F Skinner, behavior is all about Stimulus – Response ( S – R Theory ) • Human science • Behavior Modification • Reinforcement • Punishment

Psychology Perspectives 4. Gestalt Psychology • Study as a whole, then sub system • Consider the internal state of organism • S – O – R psychology Stimulus Response Black box • Focus at cognitive process; how person think, understand, and know about the world

Psychology Perspectives 5. Psychoanalysis ( Sigmund Freud ) • Soul / Mind, consist of 3 elements Ø Conscious Ø Subconscious Ø Unconscious Conscious Subconscious Unconscious

Research in Psychology Research Methodology • Qualitative Approach – Naturalistic Observation; Direct & Indirect • Do not control or manipulate the situation and environment – Case Study • A depth study of a case or few case that could explain the phenomena / situation or generate hypothesis

Research in Psychology • Quantitative Approach § § Deal with numerical statistic Conduct observation under given condition or strict control a. Dependent Variable; Cause b. Independent Variable; Consequent Data Collection Ø Survey, Tests, and Questionnaires Ø Experiment

Research in Psychology Experimental Research • Need to describe procedure, the system of changes. • Pre - Test / Post - Test • Research need to control for experimental basis • Assignment of subjects to experimental and control group § Control group § Placebo group

The goals of Psychology • To understand behavior • To predict behavior • To control behavior Perspective of Bio Psycho Social Model § Bio – Biology, Physiology § Psycho – Internal Psychological Process § Socio – Environmental Factors Bio Psycho Socio

Conclusion • • History Objective Psychology Methodology Major Subfield of Psychology Definition Psychology Perspective Research in Psychology Goals of psychology