Gender Justice and Genderbased Violence Navindhra Naidoo Cape

Gender Justice and Gender-based Violence Navindhra Naidoo Cape Peninsula University of Technology naidoon@cput. ac. za

Focus • Multi-disciplinary collaboration • Reverse contextualisation Background Salutogenisis • Sense of coherance • Learnt resourcefullness • Gender-neutral • Screening vs clinical case finding • Policy, protocol, regulation • Social justice and community of practice Health Sector Response

Background Managing and Responding to Gender Based Violence in South Africa Through Education, Training and Research: Synergies between Practitioners and Higher Education Institutions – A Case Study of the Advice Desk for the Abused. Ph. D Forensic Pathology (UCT) Collaboration: CPUT, UKZN, WSU/HSRC, Advice Desk for the Abused Disciplines involved: Political Science, Psychology, Education, Emergency Medicine, Commerce, Law, Forensic Pathology, Gender

Social Capital Putnam, R (2000). Bowling alone: the collapse and revival of American Community The expected collective or economic benefits derived from the preferential treatment and cooperation between individuals and groups Social networks have value Just as a screwdriver (physical capital) or university education (cultural/human capital) can increase productivity…so do social contacts affect the productivity of individuals/ groups

Academia Practitioners (NGO/Govt. ) Research: theory/ empiricism Professionalization/ self-efficacy/ learnt helplessness/ intervention opportunities Policy education/ regulation/ socialisation Lay counsellor/ CI/ Professional: GBV mainstreaming Survivor/victim/perpetrator Lived Experience/ social context/ resilience Consequence/ opportunities for change

Survivor/ victim/ perpetrator Lived Experience/ social context Practitioners (NGO/ Govt) Lay counsellor/ Crisis Interventionists Consequences/ opportunities for change Professional: GBV mainstreaming Academia Research: theory/ empiricism Policy: education/ regulation/ socialisation

Social Capital implications for Violence Prevention Functional networks Shared investment Physical/ intellectual resources Violence Prevention

Community of Practice (Lave and Wenger, 1991) A group of people who share a craft/profession Shared interests vs active engagement Move from pockets of excellence to a trajectory of excellence

Community of Practice

Community of Practice

Perpetrator Rehabilitation In a meta-analytic review examining the findings of 22 studies evaluating the treatment efficacy of therapeutic interventions for domestically violent males (beyond legal interventions), only a minimal impact was found (Babcock, Green, and Robie, 2004).

Perpetrator Rehabilitation Another review of nine rigorous evaluations of domestic violence treatment programmes (Washington State Institute for Public Policy, 2006) concluded that domestic violence rehabilitation programmes “have yet to demonstrate reductions in recidivism”.

Perpetrator Rehabilitation Further evidence of the absence of a strong evidence base for domestic violence interventions were the results of a 2009 review of seven domestic violence perpetrator treatment studies (Stover, Meadows and Kaufman, 2009). The evidence from these studies suggest that perpetrator interventions have limited effect on repeated violence, with most studies demonstrating minimal or no benefit, above the no treatment group.

Salutogenesis (wellness creation) Figure : The salutogenic model to guide health promotion [adapted from Antonovsky, 1996; Mittelmark, 2008: 12, and Naidoo N and Nadvi L, 2013: Risk factor management and perpetrator rehabilitation in cases of gender-based violence in South Africa: Implications of salutogenesis , Agenda]

Health Sector Response Family and Friends Screening versus Clinical Case finding HPCSA ethical rules provide for safety protection Community of practice Emergency Care personnel Doctors and nurses Social workers, psychologists legal practitioners

Summary • Multi-disciplinary collaboration • Reverse contextualisation Background Salutogenisis • Sense of coherance • Learnt resourcefullness • Gender-neutral • Screening vs clinical case finding • Policy, protocol, regulation • Social justice and community of practice Health Sector Response