GCSE HISTORY PREVIOUS EXAM PAPERS Including 2019 PUPIL

GCSE HISTORY PREVIOUS EXAM PAPERS Including 2019 PUPIL BOOKLET

CRIME: 1000 -1500 1. Crime against the Person P. 1 2. Crime against Property P. 1 3. Crime against Authority P. 1 4. Outlaws 5. Forest Laws/Poaching P. 1 -2 6. Statute of Labourers Any man who tried to avoid trial and punishment by running away was declared an outlaw – Outlaw gangs often set themselves up in forests and committed serious crimes. This was a law passed by Parliament in 1351 after the Black Death. It introduced a maximum wage for workers and made it a crime to ask for more or move to a new area in search of higher wages. This was an attempt to protect the ruling classes. CRIME: 1500 -1700 19. Treason (Gunpowder Plot) P. 11 20. Poaching P. 7 21. Vagrancy P. 8 22. Heresy P. 7 2018 (Q 4) Explain why there were new definitions of crimes against authority in the years c 1000 -c 1700. You may use the following in your answer: - poaching heresy. You must also use information of your own. (12) 23. Smuggling P. 8 24. Witchcraft P. 8

CRIME: 1700 -1900 37. Highway Robbery P. 13 38. The Black Act P. 13 39. Smuggling P. 13 40. Tolpuddle Martyrs P. 14 41. Witchcraft Decriminalised P. 14 42. Professional Gangs P. 13 CRIME: 1900 -PRESENT 55. Conscientious Objectors P. 23 56. Similar Crimes-New Methods P. 19 Sample (Q 3) Explain one way in which smuggling in Britain during the eighteenth century was similar to smuggling during the twentieth century. (4) 57. Women P. 20 58. Hate Crime P. 20 59. Racism P. 20 60. Drugs P. 20 Specimen (Q 4) Explain why new crimes were defined in the period from C 1900 to the present day. You may use the following in your answer: - driving offences – race crimes. You must also use information of your own. (12)

LAW ENFORCEMENT: 1000 -1500 7. Tithing P. 3 8. Hue and Cry P. 3 9. Shire Reeve P. 3 -4 10. Trial by Ordeal/Combat P. 6/4 11. Justice of the Peace P. 4 12. Assize of Clarendon Sample (Q 5/6) The role of local communities was the most important factor affecting law enforcement during the Middle Ages. How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: - tithings – trial by ordeal. You must also use information of your own. (16) Henry II introduced reforms to crime and punishment. In 1166, he reorganised the courts and set up prisons for those who were accused and awaiting trial. These changes were known as the Assize of Clarendon. LAW ENFORCEMENT: 1500 -1700 25. Hue and Cry P. 9 26. Secular Courts P. 9 27. Town Constables P. 9 28. Night Watchmen P. 9 29. Thief Takers 30. Matthew Hopkins P. 12 Specimen (Q 5/6) The role of religion was the main reason why there were changes in the number of accusations of witchcraft in the early modern period (c 1500 -c 1700). How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: - religious beliefs – Matthew Hopkins. You must also use information of your own. (16) A thief-taker was a private individual hired to capture criminals. The Thief Taker General, Jonathan Wild, was known for organising robberies, then benefiting from returning the stolen goods to the victims.

LAW ENFORCEMENT: 1700 -1900 43. Bow Street Runners P. 15 44. Metropolitan Police P. 15/18 45. Police Act P. 15 46. Robert Peel P. 18 47. National Crime Records 48. CID P. 15 2018 (Q 5/6) The work of the Fielding brothers led to a great improvement in law enforcement in the years c 1500 -c 1900. How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: - town watchmen – the Bow Street Runners. You must also use information of your own. (16) A record of anybody who has a criminal record. This can be used by the police and other organisations to support their investigations. LAW ENFORCEMENT: 1900 -NOW 61. Neighbourhood Watch P. 21 62. Technology P. 21 Specimen (Q 3) Explain one way in which law enforcement in the medieval period (c 1000 c 1500) was different from law enforcement during the modern period (c 1900 -present). (4) 63. Finger Prints P. 21 64. Fraud Squad An example of how the police developed specialist units to tackle specific crimes. Set up in 1946 to tackle crime in business and the stock market. 65. Police National Computer Launched in 1980 it is capable of holding the records of 25 million individuals. 66. National Crime Agency P. 21

PUNISHMENT: 1000 -1500 13. Wergild P. 5 14. Stocks and Pillory P. 5 15. Capital Punishment P. 5 16. Corporal Punishment P. 5 17. Murdrum Fine P. 2 18. Hung drawn & quartered Punishment for those convicted of high treason (1352) The traitor was hanged, disembowelled, beheaded, and quartered. As an attack on the monarch's authority, high treason was considered a deplorable act demanding the most extreme form of punishment. PUNISHMENT: 1500 -1700 31. Recant 32. Stocks and Pillory P. 10 33. Branding and Whipping P. 8 34. Houses of Correction 35. Transportation (America) P. 10 36. The Bloody Code P. 10 A public statement that you have changed your religious beliefs – This was an alternative to being burnt at the stake for the crime of heresy The first purposeful prison designed as a punishment for poor people opened in 1556 in London and was known as Bridewell prison. Inmates did hard labour to pay for their keep. Similar prisons opened up across the country Sample (Q 5/6) The main purpose of punishment during the period c 1000 -c 1700 was to deter people from committing crimes. How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: - corporal punishment – the introduction of transportation. You must also use information of your own. (16)

PUNISHMENT: 1700 -1900 49. Transportation (Australia) P. 16 50. The Bloody Code P. 16 51. Pentonville Prison P. 17 52. Penal Reform P. 18 Specimen (Q 5/6) The use of public execution remained an important feature of the penal system in the years c 1500 -c 1900. How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: - Gunpowder Plotters - Transportation. You must also use information of your own. (16) 53. Robert Peel P. 18 54. Fry and Howard P. 18 Sample (Q 4) Explain why there were changes in the prison system in the period c 1700 c 1900. You may use the following in your answer: - John Howard – hard labour. You must also use information of your own. (12) PUNISHMENT: 1900 -NOW 67. Rehabilitation P. 22 68. Open Prisons P. 22 2018 (Q 5/6) The establishment of Pentonville prison was a turning point in the use of prisons in the years c 1700 -present. How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: - the separate systems – open prisons. You must also use information of your own. (16) 69. ASBO P. 22 70. Young People P. 22 2018 (Q 3) Explain one way in which the nature of punishment during the years c 1500 -c 1700 was different from the nature of punishment in the period c 1900 present. (4) 71. Community Service P. 22 72. Derek Bentley/Death Penalty P. 24

1 The East End P. 26 2 Metropolitan Police P. 25 3 Home Secretary P. 25 4 Sir Charles Warren P. 25 5 Bloody Sunday P. 25

6 CID P. 25 7 Scotland Yard Police headquarters 8 Housing P. 26 9 Lodging House P. 26 10 Artisans’ Dwelling Act 1875 Sample (Q 1) Describe two features of accommodation for the poorer people in the Whitechapel area (4) A law which allowed councils to clear slums and build better homes for working families.

11 George Peabody P. 26 12 Prostitution P. 28 13 Poverty P. 26 14 Unemployment P. 26 15 Sweated Trades P. 26 -27

16 Workhouse P. 26 17 Alcohol P. 28 2018 (Q 1) Describe two features of life in the Whitechapel workhouses (4) 2018 (Q 2 a) How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into the problems facing immigrants in the Whitechapel area (8) 18 Opium Den A place where the drug opium was sold and smoked. Despite the name, the places could vary in appearance from an elegant bar room to a dark cellar. 19 Gin Palace Extravagant, richly decorated gas-lit shop selling gin across a counter. Gin was cheaply available, potent alcohol, popular with the poor. The light and splendour made a stark contrast with the dark, dirty streets. 20 Immigrants P. 27 2018 (Q 2 a) How could you follow up Source B to find out more about the problems facing immigrants in the Whitechapel area? (8)

21 Fenians P. 27 22 Anti-Semitism P. 27 23 Navvies P. 26 24 Anarchists P. 27 25 Socialists P. 27

26 H division P. 28 27 Rookeries P. 26/28 Specimen (Q 1 b) Describe two features of the policing system in Whitechapel. (4) Sample (Q 2 a) How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into the effectiveness of the police in Whitechapel. (8) 28 Beat Constable P. 28 Sample (Q 2 b) 29 Gangs P. 28 30 Protection Racket P. 28 How could you follow up Source A to find out more about the effectiveness of the police in Whitechapel? (4) Specimen (Q 2 a) How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into violent crime in the Whitechapel area. (8) Specimen (Q 2 b) How could you follow up Source A to find out more about violent crime in the Whitechapel area? (4)

31 Jack the Ripper P. 29 32 Police Rivalry P. 29 33 Vigilance Committee P. 28 34 Soup Kitchen 35 Bertillon System P. 29 The police were not allowed to offer money as a reward for information concerning Jack the Ripper as it might attract time wasters but local police encouraged poor people to come forward as witnesses by promising a hot meal.

36 Local Sources E. g. A local newspaper 37 National Sources E. g. A national newspaper 38 Usefulness: Content 39 Usefulness: Provenance 40 Usefulness: Context(Own Knowledge) Nature – What is it? Origin – Who wrote/produced it? Purpose – Why was it written/produced?

QUESTION 1 Sample (Q 1) Describe two features of accommodation for the poorer people in the Whitechapel area (4) Specimen (Q 1) Describe two features of the policing system in Whitechapel. (4) 2018 (Q 1) Describe two features of life in the Whitechapel workhouses (4)

QUESTION 2 a Sample (Q 2 a) How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into the effectiveness of the police in Whitechapel. (8) SOURCES Specimen (Q 2 a) How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into violent crime in the Whitechapel area. (8) 2018 (Q 2 a) How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into the problems facing immigrants in the Whitechapel area (8) SOURCES

Sample (Q 2 a) How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into the effectiveness of the police in Whitechapel. (8) 2 a 2 b

Specimen (Q 2 a) How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into violent crime in the Whitechapel area. (8) 2 a 2 b

2018 (Q 2 a) How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into the problems facing immigrants in the Whitechapel area (8) 2 a 2 b

QUESTION 2 b Sample (Q 2 b) How could you follow up Source A to find out more about the effectiveness of the police in Whitechapel? (4) SOURCES Specimen (Q 2 b) How could you follow up Source A to find out more about violent crime in the Whitechapel area? (4) 2018 (Q 2 a) How could you follow up Source B to find out more about the problems facing immigrants in the Whitechapel area? (8) SOURCES

QUESTION 3 Sample (Q 3) Explain one way in which smuggling in Britain during the eighteenth century was similar to smuggling during the twentieth century. (4) Specimen (Q 3) Explain one way in which law enforcement in the medieval period (c 1000 c 1500) was different from law enforcement during the modern period (c 1900 -present). (4) 2018 (Q 3) Explain one way in which the nature of punishment during the years c 1500 -c 1700 was different from the nature of punishment in the period c 1900 present. (4)

QUESTION 4 Sample (Q 4) Explain why there were changes in the prison system in the period c 1700 c 1900. You may use the following in your answer: - John Howard – hard labour. You must also use information of your own. (12) Specimen (Q 4) Explain why new crimes were defined in the period from C 1900 to the present day. You may use the following in your answer: - driving offences – race crimes. You must also use information of your own. (12) 2018 (Q 4) Explain why there were new definitions of crimes against authority in the years c 1000 -c 1700. You may use the following in your answer: - poaching heresy. You must also use information of your own. (12)

QUESTION 5/6 Sample (Q 5/6) The role of local communities was the most important factor affecting law enforcement during the Middle Ages. How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: tithings – trial by ordeal. You must also use information of your own. (16) Sample (Q 5/6) The main purpose of punishment during the period c 1000 -c 1700 was to deter people from committing crimes. How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: corporal punishment – the introduction of transportation. You must also use information of your own. (16) Specimen (Q 5/6) The use of public execution remained an important feature of the penal system in the years c 1500 -c 1900. How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: Gunpowder Plotters - Transportation. You must also use information of your own. (16) Specimen (Q 5/6) The role of religion was the main reason why there were changes in the number of accusations of witchcraft in the early modern period (c 1500 -c 1700). How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: - religious beliefs – Matthew Hopkins. You must also use information of your own. (16) 2018 (Q 5/6) The work of the Fielding brothers led to a great improvement in law enforcement in the years c 1500 -c 1900. How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: - town watchmen – the Bow Street Runners. You must also use information of your own. (16) 2018 (Q 5/6) The establishment of Pentonville prison was a turning point in the use of prisons in the years c 1700 -present. How far do you agree? You may use the following in your answer: - the separate systems – open prisons. You must also use information of your own. (16)

MARK-SCHEMES CLICK SAMPLE mark-scheme CLICK SPECIMEN mark-scheme CLICK 2018 mark-scheme

35 Bertillon System

1 -3 Crime against the person, property and authority