GCa D CYMRU NGf L THE EFFECT OF

GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON THE BODY SYSTEMS www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE • This is a chemical component which is necessary for the body in order to supply energy. • The body has only one possible energy supply which is ATP. • Only a small supply of ATP exists in the muscles, therefore it is important to re-produce a supply of ATP. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

ENERGY FROM ATP ADENOSINE P P GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L ATP Adenosine triphosphate P ENERGY ADENOSINE P ATP splitting and releasing energy and heat p P HEAT ADENOSINE P P P www. gcad-cymru. org. uk ADP Adenosine Diphosphate

GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L ADENOSINE P ADP Adenosine Diphosphate P P ENERGY (in order to create ATP again) FOOD OXYGEN The body has three systems which create or reproduce the ATP. 1 The CREATIN PHOSPHATE system 2 The LACTIC ACID system www. gcad-cymru. org. uk 3 The AEROBIC system

GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L The body must have ATP in order to create energy The body reproduces it in three ways. REPRODUCING ATP Creatin Phosphate Anaerobic glycolysis or Lactic Acid System Aerobic System ENERGY SYSTEMS SHORT TERM (anaerobic) WHICH CAUSES LONG TERM OXYGEN DEBT www. gcad-cymru. org. uk NO OXYGEN DEBT

Creatin Phosphate System GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L • This is a compound high in energy, which is stored in the muscles. When it is broken down it gives us enough energy for about 5 – 10 seconds of hard work. • The energy from the creatin phosphate system is available instantly, but the supply runs out very quickly. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Creatin Phosphate System GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L The body must have ATP in order to supply energy. The body reproduces it in three ways ADENOSINE P P P This energy lasts for about 10 seconds. Name the kind of activities that use this system: www. gcad-cymru. org. uk CREATIN PHOSPHATE

Lactic Acid System GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L • This system supplies energy until there is enough oxygen available for the muscles. It uses glycogen which is stored in the muscles and the liver. • It produces enough energy but produces lactic acid which causes pain in the muscles. This system is important when trying to work at a high density for a period of 90 seconds to 2 minutes. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Lactic Acid System Adenosine P P GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L p GLYCOGEN Energy lasting from about 30 seconds to 2 minutes Name the kind of activities that use this system: www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Aerobic System GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L • Energy from this system in nearly endless. When there is enough oxygen available for the muscles, energy is available by breaking down carbohydrates and fat. • We use this system in light activities. It provides energy which is too slow for explosive activities. But it is important for athletes and players who need a constant source of energy in low, light or medium density activities. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Aerobic System GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L FATS Adenosine p p p GLYCOGEN OXYGEN It can continue for an indefinite period. Name the kind of activities that use this system: www. gcad-cymru. org. uk