Gas Laws GAS LAWS Theyll save your life
![Gas Laws Gas Laws](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-1.jpg)
![GAS LAWS They’ll save your life! • • Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Lussac’s Law GAS LAWS They’ll save your life! • • Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Lussac’s Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-2.jpg)
![P i V i = P f. V f High Pressure = Low Volume P i V i = P f. V f High Pressure = Low Volume](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-3.jpg)
![As the temperature increases, the gas expands (volume ). As Temperature decreases, the gas As the temperature increases, the gas expands (volume ). As Temperature decreases, the gas](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-4.jpg)
![Lussac’s Law: Temperature & Pressure Low Temperature = Low Pressure High Temperature = High Lussac’s Law: Temperature & Pressure Low Temperature = Low Pressure High Temperature = High](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-5.jpg)
![COMBINED GAS LAW Boyle’s, Charles’s, & Guy Lussac’s Laws may be combined algebraically to COMBINED GAS LAW Boyle’s, Charles’s, & Guy Lussac’s Laws may be combined algebraically to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-6.jpg)
![AVOGADRO’S LAW: Equal Volumes At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases AVOGADRO’S LAW: Equal Volumes At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-7.jpg)
![Vi/ni = Vf/nf Increasing the number of moles of gas causes an increase in Vi/ni = Vf/nf Increasing the number of moles of gas causes an increase in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-8.jpg)
![AVOGADRO’S LAW: Equal Volumes Molar Volume – it follows from Avogadro’s law that the AVOGADRO’S LAW: Equal Volumes Molar Volume – it follows from Avogadro’s law that the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-9.jpg)
![4 grams of He gas * 20 grams of Ne gas * 32 grams 4 grams of He gas * 20 grams of Ne gas * 32 grams](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-10.jpg)
![IDEAL GAS LAW PV = n. RT Using the proportionalities in Boyle’s Charles’s, and IDEAL GAS LAW PV = n. RT Using the proportionalities in Boyle’s Charles’s, and](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-11.jpg)
![IDEAL GAS CONSTANT PV=n. RT P(atm, Kpa, mm. Hg, torr, )V(m. L, L, cm IDEAL GAS CONSTANT PV=n. RT P(atm, Kpa, mm. Hg, torr, )V(m. L, L, cm](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-12.jpg)
![IDEAL GAS LAW to solve for Gas Density & Molecular Weight Density = mass IDEAL GAS LAW to solve for Gas Density & Molecular Weight Density = mass](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-13.jpg)
![GAS LAWS REVIEW • • Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Lussac’s Law Avogadro’s Law o GAS LAWS REVIEW • • Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Lussac’s Law Avogadro’s Law o](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-14.jpg)
- Slides: 14
![Gas Laws Gas Laws](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-1.jpg)
Gas Laws
![GAS LAWS Theyll save your life Boyles Law Charless Law Lussacs Law GAS LAWS They’ll save your life! • • Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Lussac’s Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-2.jpg)
GAS LAWS They’ll save your life! • • Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Lussac’s Law Avogadro’s Law – Molar Volume • Combined Gas Law • Ideal Gas Law
![P i V i P f V f High Pressure Low Volume P i V i = P f. V f High Pressure = Low Volume](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-3.jpg)
P i V i = P f. V f High Pressure = Low Volume Low Pressure = High Volume Temperature does not change
![As the temperature increases the gas expands volume As Temperature decreases the gas As the temperature increases, the gas expands (volume ). As Temperature decreases, the gas](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-4.jpg)
As the temperature increases, the gas expands (volume ). As Temperature decreases, the gas contracts (volume ). Vi/Ti = Vf/Tf Pressure does not change
![Lussacs Law Temperature Pressure Low Temperature Low Pressure High Temperature High Lussac’s Law: Temperature & Pressure Low Temperature = Low Pressure High Temperature = High](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-5.jpg)
Lussac’s Law: Temperature & Pressure Low Temperature = Low Pressure High Temperature = High Pressure
![COMBINED GAS LAW Boyles Charless Guy Lussacs Laws may be combined algebraically to COMBINED GAS LAW Boyle’s, Charles’s, & Guy Lussac’s Laws may be combined algebraically to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-6.jpg)
COMBINED GAS LAW Boyle’s, Charles’s, & Guy Lussac’s Laws may be combined algebraically to yield the combined gas law: Temperature must be in Kelvin Pressure must be in atm, torr, Pa, or Kpa (but same for 1 & 2) Volume must be in m. L, L, cm 3, or dm 3 (but same for 1 & 2)
![AVOGADROS LAW Equal Volumes At the same temperature and pressure equal volumes of gases AVOGADRO’S LAW: Equal Volumes At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-7.jpg)
AVOGADRO’S LAW: Equal Volumes At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of molecules (or atoms for the Noble Gases). That means that if temperature and pressure remain constant, Vi/ni = Vf/nf V = volume n = number of molecules One of any gas contains 6. 02 x 1023 gas particles (Avogadro’s number)
![Vini Vfnf Increasing the number of moles of gas causes an increase in Vi/ni = Vf/nf Increasing the number of moles of gas causes an increase in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-8.jpg)
Vi/ni = Vf/nf Increasing the number of moles of gas causes an increase in the volume needed to keep constant pressure and temperature. Pressure and Temperature remain unchanged
![AVOGADROS LAW Equal Volumes Molar Volume it follows from Avogadros law that the AVOGADRO’S LAW: Equal Volumes Molar Volume – it follows from Avogadro’s law that the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-9.jpg)
AVOGADRO’S LAW: Equal Volumes Molar Volume – it follows from Avogadro’s law that the volume of a mole of any ideal gas at STP occupies the same volume as a mole of any other ideal gas at STP. For ideal gases, this molar volume is 22. 4 L @ STP (1 atm & 273 K).
![4 grams of He gas 20 grams of Ne gas 32 grams 4 grams of He gas * 20 grams of Ne gas * 32 grams](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-10.jpg)
4 grams of He gas * 20 grams of Ne gas * 32 grams of O 2 gas * 46 grams of CO 2 gas * 1 mol of He gas * 1 mol of Ne gas * 1 mol of O 2 gas * 1 mol of CO 2 gas *
![IDEAL GAS LAW PV n RT Using the proportionalities in Boyles Charless and IDEAL GAS LAW PV = n. RT Using the proportionalities in Boyle’s Charles’s, and](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-11.jpg)
IDEAL GAS LAW PV = n. RT Using the proportionalities in Boyle’s Charles’s, and Avogadro’s Laws: V = constant x 1/Pressure (fixed mass & temperature) V = constant x Temperature (fixed mass & pressure) V = constant x moles (fixed pressure & temperature) V = constant x 1/P x T x n R is the ideal gas constant.
![IDEAL GAS CONSTANT PVn RT Patm Kpa mm Hg torr Vm L L cm IDEAL GAS CONSTANT PV=n. RT P(atm, Kpa, mm. Hg, torr, )V(m. L, L, cm](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-12.jpg)
IDEAL GAS CONSTANT PV=n. RT P(atm, Kpa, mm. Hg, torr, )V(m. L, L, cm 3, dm 3) = n. RT(kelvin) *Depending on the units you use, will choose an R to cancel the units* R = 8. 314 L k. Pa/(mol K) R = 0. 0821 L atm/(K mol) R = 8. 31 dm 3 k. Pa / K mol R = 62. 36 L torr / mol K We’ll use these
![IDEAL GAS LAW to solve for Gas Density Molecular Weight Density mass IDEAL GAS LAW to solve for Gas Density & Molecular Weight Density = mass](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-13.jpg)
IDEAL GAS LAW to solve for Gas Density & Molecular Weight Density = mass / volume d = m/V Substitute into ideal gas law: PV=n. RT Molecular Weight = mass / moles M = m/n Substitute into ideal gas law: PV=n. RT
![GAS LAWS REVIEW Boyles Law Charless Law Lussacs Law Avogadros Law o GAS LAWS REVIEW • • Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Lussac’s Law Avogadro’s Law o](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/7636e724bdfff85c114aa1e4a2ac0cfc/image-14.jpg)
GAS LAWS REVIEW • • Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Lussac’s Law Avogadro’s Law o Molar Volume (STP) o Molar Volume (SATP) P i V i = P f. V f Vi/Ti = Vf/Tf Pi/Ti = Pf/Tf Vi/ni = Vf/nf 22. 4 L @ 1 atm and 273 K 24. 8 L @ 100 k. Pa and 298 K • Combined Gas Law • Ideal Gas Law PV = n. RT
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