Galileo Galilei 1564 1642 and his Theory of

A New Opera “Galileo Galilei” by Philip Glass n http: //www. bam. org/asp/performance. asp?

New Scholarship Galileo in Context n n Edited by Jürgen Renn © 2002 Cambridge

A Wonderful Book Galileo’s Daughter n n Dava Sobel © 2000 Penguin

The Recent ND Conference n Galileo and the Church n n www. nd. edu/~hps/galileo.

Galileo and his Time n http: //es. rice. edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/

Galileo's Science n The Basic Question: How do things move?

Basic Question #1 n n How do the planets move? Answers before Galileo n

Galileo's Contributions n n n What is actually happening? The telescope: Moon, Venus, Jupiter.

This Morning: Basic Question #2 n How do thrown objects (projectiles) move? n n

Galileo's Contributions n n What is actually happening? Breaking the mold. A new theory

Galileo's Theory of Motion round bronze ball inclined plane table (about 30. 5 inches

The Meaning of Proportion d is proportional to h d h shorthand: d h

Start a ball from rest anywhere and let it roll Let h be the

Then v t and d t 2. Therefore, d v 2 But also, d

Horizontal Component: continues with velocity v Vertical Component: free fall from rest will take

R = v x t 0 and therefore, R v Because v , we

Confirmation by Experiment n n Galileo tests this Relationship with an Experiment A page

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Galileo Galilei (1564 -1642) and his Theory of Motion Prof. Alexander Hahn

A New Opera “Galileo Galilei” by Philip Glass n http: //www. bam. org/asp/performance. asp? perf. ID=Galileo. Galilei

The Recent ND Conference n Galileo and the Church n n www. nd. edu/~hps/galileo. html Combined with performances of Brecht's “Life of Galileo” n www. nd. edu/~isla/ISLA/webpages/ thearts/FTT/calendar/galileo. htm

Galileo and his Time n http: //es. rice. edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/

Galileo's Science n The Basic Question: How do things move?

Basic Question #1 n n How do the planets move? Answers before Galileo n Ptolemy (200 AD) Geocentric epicycles (example of epicycle Sun-Earth-Moon). n Copernicus (1473 -1543) Heliocentric circles and epicycles.

Galileo's Contributions n n n What is actually happening? The telescope: Moon, Venus, Jupiter. Vocal supporter of Copernicus Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, 1632. Problems with the Church

This Morning: Basic Question #2 n How do thrown objects (projectiles) move? n n The balls that we observe every day in lots of different sports? Answers before Galileo n n Aristotle's Physics: Heavy objects fall more quickly. The notion of Impetus.

Galileo's Contributions n n What is actually happening? Breaking the mold. A new theory and an experiment. Discourse about Two New Sciences, 1638.

Galileo's Theory of Motion round bronze ball inclined plane table (about 30. 5 inches high) floor

The Meaning of Proportion d is proportional to h d h shorthand: d h Means: d’ d’ = h’ d h h’

Start a ball from rest anywhere and let it roll Let h be the height at the start and let t be the time it takes to reach the bottom Let v be its velocity or speed at the bottom and let d be the distance that the ball has travelled

Then v t and d t 2. Therefore, d v 2 But also, d h. So h v 2. Therefore, v

Horizontal Component: continues with velocity v Vertical Component: free fall from rest will take the same time t 0 to reach the ground no matter what v is

R = v x t 0 and therefore, R v Because v , we finally get R .

Confirmation by Experiment n n Galileo tests this Relationship with an Experiment A page of Galileo's Working Notes n http: //www. mpiwg-berlin. mpg. de/ Galileo Prototype/index. htm

Galileo Galilei (1564 -1642) and his Theory of Motion Prof. Alexander Hahn