GACAR 117 A Generic Interpretation Understanding GACAR Part

GACAR 117 A Generic Interpretation Understanding GACAR Part 117 Flight and Duty Time Limitations and Rest Requirements: Flightcrew Members. Version 1. 0 Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Disclaimer The documentation is provided “AS IS” and is solely intended to provide a general understanding of the author’s interpretation of the new FAA mandated FAR Regulations. The author makes no representations and disclaims any and all responsibility for the completeness or accuracy of the documentation. The author reserves the right, at his discretion, to change or modify the documentation as deemed appropriate. Copyright © 2012 -2017, Understanding GACAR Part 117 – A Generic Interpretation. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Module 3: Concept Model Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

WOCL Physiological night’s rest means 10 hours rest that encompasses the hours of 0100 and 0700 at the crewmember’s home base, unless the individual has acclimated to a different theater. If the crewmember has acclimated, the rest must encompass the hours of 0100 and 0700 at the acclimated location. Window of circadian low means a period of maximum sleepiness that occurs between 0200 and 0559 during a physiological night. Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Flight Duty Period (FDP) What is FDP time? Simply put, it is the span of time from the start of a FDP to the end of a FDP. Report Time Release Time Duty Time Arrive Time FDP 121 91 Block Flight Time Between Rest Periods Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved. DHD Note: Difference between Duty Time and FDP Flight Time between rest periods is the sum of the Block for all legs contained within the duty period.

Flight Duty Period (FDP) For a FCM assigned to an Airport/Standby Reserve (ASB): • The start of the FDP is at the report time (UTC) of the ASB. • The end of the FDP is at the arrival time of the last operating flight (UTC) before the start of a rest period. o A FCM who is not subsequently assigned a duty period that contains flight time, will remain on a FDP until the release into a rest period, (release time of the ASB (UTC)). Report FDP Airport Reserve Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved. Arrive Time

Acclimatization effects: • Daily FDP Limitations • Daily Flight Time Limitations • Rest Requirements • Application of WOCL Rules • Application of Night Duty Rules Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Acclimatization 60 Deg A Theater is a zone 60 degrees wide, relative to the departure station of the duty period. 60 Deg JFK SFO CDG SFO JFK 073 deg West 122 deg West 002 deg East JFK to SFO is in the same Theater. 49 deg difference JFK to CDG Exits the Theater. 75 deg difference Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Acclimatization A crewmember is deemed to be acclimated whenever that individual has either: • At least 36 hours continuous rest within a specific theater or • Has remained in a specific theater for at least 72 hours. Otherwise the individual is NOT acclimated. JFK - CDG – ATH - CDG Rest < 36 CDG - JFK Rest >= 36 Time in Theater < 72 Theater 1 acclimated Theater 2 un-acclimated Theater 2 acclimated Crewmember will remain un-acclimated until the 36 hour rest period has been received. Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Acclimatization The FAA issued a letter of interpretation on 30 -November-2012 • The revised final rule states that theater is the geographical area in which the distance between the FCM's departure and arrival point differ by no more than 60 degrees. • You could have a scenario where a pilot starts a series of FDPs and heads west 60 degrees, lays over, flies east to the point of origination, lays over and then continues going east 60 degrees. • In this case, the FCM is still within a theater that is technically 120 degrees wide. Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Rest in a suitable accommodation Suitable accommodation: Shall only be applied to ground facilities and not to aircraft onboard rest facilities. Example – Hotel Rest Period: Sleep opportunity: Measured from Release to Report. Measured from Hotel Check-in to Hotel Check-out. Check-In Release Sleep Opportunity Rest Period Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved. Check-Out Report

Duty Break: • • • Is a span of time in which an individual is in a suitable accommodation (Hotel) for no less than 2: 00 and not more than a required rest period. A duty break must occur between 22: 00 and 05: 00 (Local) A duty break is NOT considered a rest period. A duty break is scheduled prior to the start of the FDP. The actual duty break given must be no less than the scheduled duty break. Check-In Time Arrival Time Duty Break Check-Out Time Ground Time Depart Time Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Defined Rest Periods • Rest time span - is measured from release (UTC) of the previous duty period to the report time (UTC) of the next duty period. • 30 hour rest period end time - is the report time (UTC) of a duty period that is preceded by a rest time span greater than or equal to 30 hours. • 36 hour rest period end time - is the report time (UTC) of a duty period that is preceded by a rest time span greater than or equal to 36 hours. • Physiological Nights Rest - has the following characteristics: o Has a rest time span of at least ten (10) hours. o Entirely overlaps the period 01: 00 to 07: 00 Local Time Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Augmentation The use of Augmentation is restricted under the following conditions: • At least one flightcrew member with a PIC type rating must be present and alert on the flight deck at all times. • A limitation of 3 flight segments in any FDP. • Ninety consecutive minutes are available for in-flight rest for the pilot performing monitoring duties during landing. • The flightcrew member who will be landing the aircraft on the final leg of the FDP is required to have 2 hours of uninterrupted rest in the second half of the FDP. Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Augmentation Rest facility means a bunk or seat accommodation installed in an aircraft that provides a flightcrew member with a sleep opportunity. 1) Class 1 rest facility means a bunk or other surface that allows for a flat sleeping position and is located separate from both the flight deck and passenger cabin in an area that is temperature-controlled, allows the flightcrew member to control light, and provides isolation from noise and disturbance. 2) Class 2 rest facility means a seat in an aircraft cabin that allows for a flat or near flat sleeping position; is separated from passengers by a minimum of a curtain to provide darkness and some sound mitigation; and is reasonably free from disturbance by passengers or flightcrew members. 3) Class 3 rest facility means a seat in an aircraft cabin or flight deck that reclines at least 40 degrees and provides leg and foot support. Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Augmentation Applied Flightcrew Member Schemes All operational flights contained within a FDP shall be evaluated to determine the minimum applied scheme as follows: This is consistent with current FAR interpretations, to avoid circumvention of Flight Time / Flight Duty Time Limitations and Rest Requirements. FDP with more than 3 legs scheduled, must apply • 2 Pilot Schemes (Un-augmented). Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Augmentation Report Time Duty Time 1700 Example 1 Example 2 Release Time FDP ( 12: 00) 4: 30 1 st Half 1: 15 4: 30 2: 00 1: 15 Arrive Time DHD Takeoff / Landing Operational Flight Inflight Rest DHD 2 nd Half Example 1: legal, complies with the requirement for 2 hrs inflight rest in the 2 nd half of the FDP, for the pilot who will perform the landing on the final flight. Example 2: illegal, no 2 hr continuous rest in the 2 nd half of the FDP can be found. Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Augmentation Report Time 1700 Example 1 FDP (12: 00) 1: 30 Arrive Time DHD 8: 00 1: 30 Example 2 Release Time Duty Time 2: 00 1: 30 4: 15 Operational Flight Inflight Rest 1: 30 Takeoff / Landing DHD 2: 00 1 st Half 2 nd Half Example 1: legal for a 3 or 4 pilot flightcrew, complies with the requirement for 2 hrs inflight rest in the 2 nd half of the FDP and a 90 minute inflight rest for the pilot performing monitoring duties during landing. Example 2: legal for a 4 pilot flightcrew only, the inflight rest periods must overlap. Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Night Duty Night Flight Duty Period (NFDP): • Is a Flight Duty Period which infringes upon any portion of the WOCL. 1 2 3 4 5 6 WOCL • Consecutive NFDPs are those which occur during the WOCL on consecutive calendar days. • A duty break is a period in which a Flightcrew member is given a sleep opportunity in a suitable accommodation of at least 2 hours between 22: 00 and 05: 00 (local time). • Note: A sleep opportunity greater than or equal to 2 hours but less than 3 hours will not qualify a FCM to operate under Split duty limitations (GACAR 117. 15) Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

Split Duty Period Split Duty: • Is only applied to un-augmented flightcrews. • Is a duty that contains a duty break that is: o Is a span of time in which an individual is in a suitable accommodation (Hotel) for no less than 3: 00 and not more than a required rest period. o A duty break must occur between 22: 00 and 05: 00 (Local) o A duty break is NOT considered a rest period. o A duty break is scheduled prior to the start of the FDP. o The actual duty break given must be no less than the scheduled duty break. Check-In Time Arrival Time Duty Break Check-Out Time Ground Time Depart Time Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.

GACAR 117 A Generic Interpretation Understanding GACAR Part 117 Flight and Duty Time Limitations and Rest Requirements: Flightcrew Members. Version 1. 0 Copyright © 2012 -2013 Understanding GACAR 117 – A Generic Interpretation All rights reserved.