Futuro forma affermativa soggetto will shall Forma Base
Futuro forma affermativa soggetto + will / shall + Forma Base The train will leave at 8. 30. (Il treno partirà alle 8. 30. ) forma negativa soggetto + will / shall + not + Forma Base The train will not leave at 7. 30. won’t (Il treno non partirà alle 7. 30. ) forma interrogativawill / shall + soggetto + Forma Base What time will the train leave? (A che ora partirà il treno? ) I’ll
USO • • DECISION TAKEN AT THE MOMENT OF SPEAKING EX. I’M TIRED. i THINK i’LL GO TO BED • HOPES, FEARS, THREATS, OFFERS , PROMISES , WARNINGS, ESPECIALLY WITH EXPECT , HOPE, BELIVE, I’M SURE , I’M AFRAID, PROBABLY I’M SURE HE WILL CALL YOU ACTIONS WHICH WE CANNOT CONTROL AND WILL INVETABLY HAPPEN. She’ll have a baby in January
Going to • • • • Formacostruzione Esempio forma affermativa soggetto +to be al Simple Present + going + infinito I am going to leave (Ho intenzione di partire) You are going to leave (Hai intenzione di partire) etc. . forma negativa soggetto + to be al Simple Present + not + going + infinito I’m not going to leave (Non ho intenzione di partire) You aren’t going to leave (Non hai intenzione di partire) etc. . forma interrogativa to be al Simple Present +sogg. + going + infinito Are you going to leave tomorrow? (Hai intenzione di partire domani? ) Is Bob going to meet Susan tonight? (Bob ha intenzione di incontrare Susan questa sera? )
uso • An action to be performed in the next future I’m going to visit Ann next Saturday • Planned actions or intentions I’m going to buy a new car . Evidence that something will definitely happen in the immediate future. Theree’s a hole in the street he ‘going to fall in it.
Present continuous • forma affermativa • soggetto + to be al Simple Present + verbo-ing. I am writing a letter. (Scriverò una lettera. ) • forma negativasoggetto + to be al Simple Present + not + verbo-ing • I am not writing a letter (Non scriverò una lettera. ) • forma interrogativato be al Simple Present + soggetto + verbo-ing. Are you writing a letter? (Scriverai una lettera? )
• The present continuous is used to talk about arrangements • a. I'm meeting Jim at the airport = and both Jim and I have discussed this. b. I am leaving tomorrow. = and I've already bought my train ticket. c. We're having a staff meeting next Monday = and all members of staff have been told about it.
Present simple • facts are something fixed like a time-table, schedule, calendar. • Examples: a. The plane arrives at 18. 00 tomorrow. b. She has a yoga class tomorrow morning. c. The restaurant opens at 19. 30 tonight. d. Next Thursday at 14. 00 there is an English exam. • Note the difference between: • a. The plane leaves in ten minutes (= statement of fact) b. The plane's going to leave in ten minutes (= prediction based on present situation, meaning ". . . and if you don't hurry up you're going to miss it!")
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