Fungi Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi Original Cell Extinct

Fungi Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi

Original Cell Extinct h t i w ly e im s on T ng ryote o L ka Pro ae ue Tr i ng Fu he op hy Sl im t e M es M yx old oz s oa ns M A ult ni ic m ell al ul s ar yt es ph yo A lg e ae A lg s te hy ga al en ac Tr Br re G d Re n ow Br so p ry Ch Ba ct A eria rc h A aeb rc ac he te Eu zoa ria gl ns en oi ds Pr ot oz oa ns Extant How Many Kingdoms? 8 5 3 2 1

Fungal Cladogram Zygomycota s M uc or lu lo bo pu Pi Rh izo s lu al Ph ar ic us s s ru Ag po ly Po cc ha ia Sa ar ro m a or rd sp So ro N eu a ziz Pe To Animalia, etc. Basidiomycota yc es Phylum: Ascomycota One other taxon: Deuteromycota is artificial as sexual stages are unknown for these species. They are likely Ascomycota.

Fungi Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi Phylum Basidiomycota

Basidiomycota: Amanita virosa (the destroying angel mushroom) amatoxin: digestive upset, fever, 2 days, improve 3 days, coma, death pileus lamellae = gills annulus = ring stipe = stalk volva = cup http: //pkaminski. homestead. com/files/Amanita_virosa_7_L. jpg

Life Cycle of Agaricus This dikaryotic mycelium is composed of septate hyphae. It proliferates in the substrate (soil, rotting wood, etc. ) and can live this way for weeks, years, decades, even centuries! Under the correct conditions, the dikaryotic mycelium forms basidiocarps. These will have hyphal tips forming a layer (a hymenium) on gills (or other surfaces). The apical cells are called basidia. dikaryotic mycelium plasmogamy cap = pileus SYNGAMY mitosis gametes zygote gametangia differentiation Gametophyte 1 N 2 N germination mitosis differentiation Sporophyte differentiation septate hypha mitosis germination gills = lamellae differentiation ring = annulus sporangium spores stalk = stipe mitosis cup = volva sporocyte MEIOSIS basidium 2 N meiosis 4 basidiospores atop basidium 4 meiotic products extruded from basidium karyogamy Whether this is a zygotic or a sporic life cycle depends upon your interpretation of whether or not the dikaryotic mycelium and basidiocarp is a sporophyte.

Basidiomycota: Amanita muscaria (fly agaric) mushroom ibotenic acid, muscimol hallucinogenic near lethal dose Passage through urine stream Smurf Homes? http: //www. mykoweb. com/CAF/photos/Amanita_muscaria(tfl-c 0229 -35). jpg

Basidiomycota: Coprinus comatus (inky cap) mushroom Fall mushroom, edible as long as you do not drink alcohol at the same meal. Alcohol converts an innocuous compound into a toxin. Distinctive cylindrical pileus with shaggy coverage. Also called the shaggy-mane mushroom http: //pkaminski. homestead. com/files/Coprinus_comatus_6_L. jpg

A Fairy Ring of Mushrooms: a dikaryotic mycelium producing an ever-larger circle of basidiocarps at it edge. Can you tell how the lawn responds? Why does it respond this way? http: //fp. bio. utk. edu/mycology/images/fairy%20 ring. jpg

The pores are lined with basidia producing basidiospores http: //www. mykoweb. com/Sierra. Nevada/photos/Boletus_rubripes(mgw-01). jpg http: //www. funbeach. com/mushroom/L_Andersen/hires/Mshrms%20 Laurie%20 Boletus. jpg Basidiomycota: Boletus a large polypore (sponge) mushroom

Basidiomycota: Phallales Phallus impudicus Mutinus caninus http: //www. bsu. edu/classes/ruch/msa/porteretal/3 -22. jpg http: //www. rz. uni-karlsruhe. de/~bh 28/pics/phallus. jpg

Dictyophora duplicata Clathrus archeri http: //users. servicios. retecal. es/amz/Concursos_Fotografia/2000/imagen es/CF 01 -P 02_Clathrus_archeri. jpg http: //www. banrep. gov. co/blaavirtual/letra-f/fen/imagenes/hongos/fphallus. jpg

Basidiomycota: Psilocybe cubensis These “magic mushrooms” contain psilocybin, a mescaline-class hallucinogen Growing in natural setting Dry “for sale” http: //www. shroomwizard. com/graphic s/Bradenton/Neil%207. jpg http: //diseyes. lycaeum. org/teo/cub 3 dung. jpg

You asked about sucralose (Splenda™)… This molecule is fundamentally sucrose with 3 hydroxyl groups replaced by chlorine… CH 2 OH Cl CH 2 Cl O O OH OH 600 times less needed and is excreted without metabolism (0 cal) Adapted from: http: //www. biosite. dk/staabi/images/sucralose. gif CH 2 Cl