Fungi and Photosynthesizers Lichens A lichen is a

Fungi and Photosynthesizers Lichens • • A lichen is a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and an alga or other photosynthetic partner. The fungus provides structure and habitat for the photosynthetic partner, which provides food. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Ecology of Fungi

Fungi and Photosynthesizers Lichens • • • Very diverse – over 25, 000 species Found in harsh environments as they need only light, air, and minerals to grow. Often serve as pioneer species in new areas, conditioning the soil to allow new plants to grow. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Ecology of Fungi

Fungi and Photosynthesizers Lichens • • Lichens are especially sensitive to airborne pollutants. Lichens serve as important bioindicators of air quality, meaning they are living organisms sensitive and responsive to changes in the environment. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Ecology of Fungi

Fungi and Photosynthesizers Mycorrhizae • • • Mycorrhizae are mutualistic relationships between a fungus and plant root. The fungus absorbs and concentrates various minerals for the plant. The fungus receives carbohydrates and amino acids from the plant. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Ecology of Fungi

Fungi and Humans Beneficial fungi • • • Fungi have many medical uses, and are used for antibiotics, to relieve high blood pressure, to control bleeding, to treat migraines, and to reduce organ rejection after transplantation. Fungi also serve as food (mushrooms) or aid in food production (yeast in bread). Fungi are also used in bioremediation, where they decompose pollutants in soil or water. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Ecology of Fungi

Fungi and Humans Harmful fungi • • Fungi can parasitize humans and other living organisms, including agricultural crops. Athlete’s foot, ringworm, yeast infections, and oral thrush are infections in humans that are caused by fungi. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Ecology of Fungi

Review Essential Questions • • • What are the characteristics of lichens? What are the characteristics of mycorrhizal relationships? What are some beneficial and harmful effects that fungi can have on humans? Vocabulary • • • lichen bioindicator mycorrhiza Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Ecology of Fungi