Fundamental Concepts for Essential Principal Through measurement and

Initial Comments ► Proposing to reword the original EP: Through observations, measurements and the

Fundamental Concept #1 ► Models and data from a variety of observations are used

Fundamental Concept #2 ► Our understanding of the atmosphere and climate system come form

Fundamental Concept #3 ► Our understanding also comes from the application of scientific principles

Fundamental Concept #4 ► The atmosphere is understandable and predictions can be made about

Fundamental Concept #5 ► Accuracy and precision of models and instruments limits the accuracy

Fundamental Concept #6 ► Observationally based understanding is used to construct models that can

Fundamental Concept #7 ► Data about the atmosphere involves direct measurements of temperature, precipitation,

Fundamental Concept #8 Reasons for observations: ► Allow intrinsic understanding of the current state.

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Fundamental Concepts for Essential Principal: Through measurement and the application of physical principles, humans can understand predict the behavior of the atmosphere. Breakout session: 6 b Recorder: Cindy Hamen Reporter: Peter Schultz

Initial Comments ► Proposing to reword the original EP: Through observations, measurements and the applications of scientific principles, humans can understand the past, present as well as predict the future behavior of the atm.

Fundamental Concept #1 ► Models and data from a variety of observations are used to make predictions about weather and climate. Forecasters use their knowledge, judgment, and models to make predictions.

Fundamental Concept #2 ► Our understanding of the atmosphere and climate system come form accurate and purposeful observations of conditions at the earth’s surface, throughout its atmosphere and its oceans. Observations may be taken by an instrument at the site or from a distance.

Fundamental Concept #3 ► Our understanding also comes from the application of scientific principles which include chemistry and physics.

Fundamental Concept #4 ► The atmosphere is understandable and predictions can be made about its future behavior. There is however a limit to the accuracy of the predictions. Understanding these limitations is an essential part of forecasting. ►

Fundamental Concept #5 ► Accuracy and precision of models and instruments limits the accuracy of predictions but improves with technological and theoretical advancements.

Fundamental Concept #6 ► Observationally based understanding is used to construct models that can be used to make predictions. Models and new observations can be used to test and improve understanding.

Fundamental Concept #7 ► Data about the atmosphere involves direct measurements of temperature, precipitation, wind, pressure as well as remote sensing using radar and satellite imagery.

Fundamental Concept #8 Reasons for observations: ► Allow intrinsic understanding of the current state. ► View observations collectively patterns emerge. ► Interpret observations and use physical principles to develop theories/models ► Use observations to initialize models.