Functional Units of a Computer Functional Units Input

Functional Units of a Computer

Functional Units Input Unit Output Unit Memory Unit Control Unit Arithmetic & Logic Unit

Memory Unit Arithmetic & Logic Unit Control Unit Internal Processor Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Central Processing Unit (CPU) Arithmetic & Logic Unit Control Unit Input Unit Output Unit Memory Unit Primary Memory: RAM, ROM Secondary Memory: Hard Disk, CDs, DVDs, Pendrives, etc.

Input Unit Output Unit Uses appropriate method to enter data Converts information in machine language to form which user can understand Converts data into suitable form for computer to understand Ex: Monitors, Printers, Speakers

Arithmetic & Logic Unit Arithmetic Operations Logical Operations +, -, *, / >, <, <=, >=

Control Unit Controls & coordinates overall functioning Manager of components of the computer Sends command signals & controls sequence of instructions to be executed

Memory Unit Secondary Memory Primary Memory Random Access Memory (RAM) Read Only Memory (ROM) Hard Disk Programmable ROM CDs, DVDs Erasable ROM Pendrives

Random Access Memory (RAM) Read Only Memory (ROM) Volatile memory Instructions for microcomputers As long as power is on Not volatile memory Most Important ROM chip: Basic Input/ Output System or BIOS

Registers Cache Special purpose memory Small & Faster memory Used in moving data to & from main memory while data processing is executed Used for copying data from most frequently used locations of main memory Do not form part of main memory Reduces average time to access memory Micro computers: 14 registers Increases computing speed