Functional Groups Functional Groups A group that substitutes
Functional Groups
Functional Groups A group that substitutes a hydrogen in hydrocarbons, changing the chemical properties of the compound. R = some chain of hydrocarbon
Alcohol Hydrocarbon with an –OH group attached General structure: R-OH Suffix: -ol Example: 5 pentanol
Ketones When a carbon is double bonded to an oxygen General Structure: Ketone: in the middle of the chain -one ending Example: 2 pentanone
Aldehyde Double bonded oxygen to a terminal carbon Suffix: -al ending Example: butanal
Carboxylic Acid C=O with an –OH on the end Example: Suffix: -oic acid
Ether An oxygen in the middle of a carbon chain General structure: Suffix: -ether Example: Diethylether
Esters Oxygen in the middle of a carbon chain, with a double bonded oxygen on an immediate carbon. Suffix: -oate Example: ethyl ethanoate
Amine Nitrogen attached to a carbon chain General structure: Suffix: -amine Example: Methylamine
Amide Nitrogen attached to a carbon chain with a neighboring double-bonded oxygen General structure: Suffix: -amide Example: ethanamide
You should be able to…. Recognize all functional groups Name alcohols, ketones, aldehydes and carboxylic acids
Circle and name the functional groups
Raspberry Flavoring
Aspartame
Seratonin
Theobromine
Tryptophan
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin)
Cocaine
Codeine Morphine Heroin
What’s the difference? Sudafed Methamphetamine
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