Fuel cell systems and technologies Ltd Hydrogen peroxide

“Fuel cell systems and technologies” Ltd Hydrogen peroxide fuel cell Sofia, 2004

Introduction Hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (HPFC) is an air independent energy generation system, which may supply potentially wide variety of applications due to the high energy efficiency and low noise properties. This new type of mono-component fuel cell possesses many advantages in relation to the conventional fuel cells such as liquid fuel utilization (low concentrated hydrogen peroxide), evolved oxygen, low operating temperature (up to 70 degrees Celsius) and higher thermal efficiency. It could power devices and automobiles with no tailpipe emissions, provides energy to homes and factories with virtually no smokestack pollution and use a renewable and domestic energy source

Fuel cell advantages n 3 -5 times longer run-times in comparison to conventional batteries n low weight n easy handling n very rapid recharge n reliable performance n no degradation, longer lifetime than most batteries n low cost n higher efficiency

Fuel cell advantages n High current densities and high voltage performance n Low cost electrodes used in monopolar module design n Commercial accessories and controls for stack operation n Shut down & start as hybrids with rechargeable batteries n Water- and thermal management can be self controlling n Fuel storage and utilization performance

HPFC application

HPFC advantages n n n The fuel storage temperature is equal to the room temperature. H 2 O 2 is in liquid physical condition at a broad temperature range (-500 C +600 C) under air pressure, which conducts to undeniable advantages at storage and exploitation; The peroxide fuel cell has higher efficiency - theoretical thermal efficiency of peroxide fuel cell reaches to 1. 192, while the same coefficient for the conventional fuel cell reaches to 0. 83; The evolved quantity of oxygen is equal to 0, 447 kg/k. Wh

Fuel cell portable market Worldwide fuel cell potential adoption conservative forecast (million of units) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 CAGR* North America 7, 6 15, 2 28, 8 33, 9 39, 9 47, 2 44, 1% Europe 6, 5 12, 7 24, 1 27, 6 31, 8 36, 8 41, 5% Asia 4, 8 8, 8 16, 0 17, 5 19, 0 21, 0 34, 4% Worldwide 18, 9 36, 7 68, 9 79, 0 90, 7 105, 0 40, 9% *CAGR – Compound annual growth rate

Fuel cell portable market Worldwide fuel cell potential adoption conservative forecast (million of $) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 CAGR* North America 266 440 682 801 889 988 30. 0% Europe 174 295 490 545 610 687 31. 6% Asia 176 270 402 422 442 467 21. 6% Worldwide 616 1007 1574 1768 1941 2142 28. 3% *CAGR – Compound annual growth rate

Conclusions n n n The proposed new fuel cell technology possesses great potential benefits regarding to the future transport applications for the air pollution and toxic substance reduction and special equipment supply The current market of the fuel cell technology is potentially very wide including portable and transportation devices. The expected conservative compound annual growth rate is equal to 40%, because the fuel cell market is still undeveloped