Frugal Innovation for Social Impact CRS ICT 4

Frugal Innovation for Social Impact CRS ICT 4 D Mar 2011 Lusaka, Zambia Radha R. Basu Center for Science, Technology, and Society Anudip Foundation

Technology, Entrepreneurship, and Society ● New Business Models from/for Emerging Markets ● Social Benefit Entrepreneurship ● Frugal Innovation- New Paradigm ● Social Capital Services ● Women as Agents of Change CONFIDENTIAL [ 2 ]

The Emerging World Some Statistics on what’s going on in emerging markets from an Economist Special Report: $1, 000 Cars $100 Computers $10 Mobile Phones that provide nationwide service for just 1¢ per minute CONFIDENTIAL [ 3 ]

Emerging markets Multinationals expect 50% of growth in next ten years from developing markets whose economies are driven by adoption of technologies such as mobile, renewable energies, clean water, mobile banking and innovations in last mile health and agriculture Table shows GDP growth CONFIDENTIAL [ 4 ]

Social Entrepreneurship Social Profit is a 4 -letter word Entrepreneurs The motive is Profit, Profit and Profit !! hip Is There a Dichotomy Here? An Ambiguity? Developing Markets need new approach to business – social entrepreneurship CONFIDENTIAL [ 5 ]

Social Entrepernuership So What is a Social Enterprise? Social Enterprise combines both goals: • Economic Viability • Human Development Social enterprises are social mission driven organizations which apply market-based strategies to achieve a social purpose. The movement includes both non-profits that use business models to pursue their mission and for-profits whose primary purposes are social. Social enterprises are scalable and sustainable. CONFIDENTIAL [ 6 ]

Example: India So Why Do We Need Social Enterprise Today? India Ranks High in Economic Development, but what of HDI? March 19 th, 2009 India has fallen to 132 in the new rankings of the 179 nations India Slumdogs vs. Millionaires? CONFIDENTIAL [ 7 ]

Question Inclusive growth with rural customers? HOW New Products New Distribution Systems New Business Models CONFIDENTIAL [ 8 ]

Frugal Innovation- New Paradigm First Break All the Rules Tata Chemicals Rice Husk Water Filter $24 up front and only $4 to maintain filter Provides clean, bacteria free water Aravind Eye Care Providing preventative eye care to all at a low cost rate General Electric’s Mac 400 $800 electrocardiogram Fits in a backpack Reduced patient cost to $1 per test Taking the needs of poor consumers as a starting point and working backwards CONFIDENTIAL [ 9 ]

Innovations for Emerging Markets Vodafone has launched solarpowered mobile handset. Priced at Rs, 1500, the phone is apt for rural India. VF 247 offers functions like Torch, FM radio, a prepaid balance indicator making it a great utility for rural population. The phone boasts of Sun Boost, an inbuilt hardware and software that ensures the phone charges Nokia has announced the launch of Bicycle Charger Kit that is compatible with all Nokia phones that have a 2 mm charging interface. The kit consists of three components: a bottle dynamo, a charger and a phone holder. The kit works on same principle as what you would find in how people in rural India fit dynamo to The Net Relief Kit has a BGAN satellite receiver. It provides a broadband connection to the Internet, runs off a car battery (or small solar panel) and works almost anywhere on the planet. It creates a fast, temporary but crucial voice and data communications hub for a small group of field workers when they need it most

Core Competencies : Engineering for the Developing World Ruggedization GE’s Mac I 400 $800 electrocardiogram in a backpack Affordability Aravind preventative eye care Simplification Tata Chemicals Rice Husk water Filter Adaptation Nokia’s Mobile Phone Bicycle Charger Kit Lightweight Cisco and Net. Hope’s Emergency Net-Relief Kit Simple User Centric Design Jerry Can for Naandi’s Safe Water Program Green Technologies Vodafone’s Solar powered Mobile Handset Use of Local Materials / Manufacturing Vortex Engineering’s solar powered ATMs for rural banking

And many trying to help: Finding the Next “Killer Innovation” Social Innovation is happening everywhere whether it is incremental or radical, done for profit, nonprofit or some hybrid model $121 b in Official Development Assistance was given in 2008 There an estimated 40, 000 internationally operating NGOs India has an estimated 1 -2 million NGOs $53 B in philanthropic giving came from the OECD to developing countries in 2008 Social Innovation Funds and new vehicles for nonprofit financing are financing scale As of 2009, more than $375 m in social innovation prizes had been awarded Philanthropy “incubators” are identifying, nurturing and connecting promising ideas

But how do we help these innovations achieve global scale and reach? Small Scale Social Innovations Large Scale Social Innovations • Why do some social technology innovations become large scale and some do not? • Most social innovations have a powerful impact, on a localized basis • Many are 1 -offs”. • Need reach, repeatability and sustainability • How to take innovations to the next billion? • Innovative and shared solutions are needed that can achieve global scale, sustainability and replication • Large scale, robust design • Commercialized product • Right timing – right partners

THE CENTER FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY (CSTS) Our Mission is to promote the use of science and technology through social entrepreneurship to benefit underserved communities worldwide. CSTS implements its mission through education, public engagement, and direct social impact.

Frugal Services Cloud Education, Research, Internships at SCU x it f ne to so ty e ci Technology development & application y e iv b r e l e D z X = University-based (SCU research internships) Y = Net. Hope. I 4 D, Large NGOs, Corporates Z= Collaboration with field social enterprises

Frugal Services Cloud x Ideas • • • Funding MS Sr Students Faculty Research Capstone Senior Design Coursework Social Business Accelerator and Boot camp ips Corporate Partners In sh tern Social Enterprise NGO + SE y uit Jes ls oo Sch z • Clean Water • Renewable Energy • Mobile Instrumentation and Applications • Mob Public Health

CSTS Social Impact GOALS ● Enable Social Enterprises to Scale to Address Urgent Needs ● Impact on greater than 10 million people through the Center programs Global Social Benefit Incubator (GSBI) Technology Benefiting Humanity Awards Annual Social Providing Selected Social Entrepreneurs with Knowledge, Skills, Mentoring and Network Entrepreneurship Awards; CSTS leading application and judging processes; Annual Conference with Tech Laureates Frugal Innovation Lab Engineering for Developing world Mobile Applications Mobile Health Clean Water Renewable Energy

CSTS Global Impact CSTS Has Worked with Over 300 Entrepreneurs Who Have Improved Life for More than 20 Million People Worldwide CONFIDENTIAL [ 18 ]

Frugal Innovation Examples RENEWABLE ENERGY Tough. Stuff was founded by Andrew Tanswell (GSBI ’ 09) along with Adriaan Mol (GSBI ’ 06). It replaces kerosene with solar panels and LED lights. The business lifts people out of poverty, reduces CO 2 emissions, improves health and creates sustainable microenterprise. Tough. Stuff is looking to scale this business to have a truly global impact. CLEAN WATER Naandi, which in Sanskrit means a new beginning; is one of the largest and fastest growing social sector organizations in India working to make poverty history. Founded in 1998 our work has 3 broad sectors: Child Rights, Safe Drinking Water and Sustainable Livelihoods. BIOENGINEERING Dr. Helen Lee of Diagnostics for the Real World, works to develop point-of-care tests intended for the detection of infectious agents that cause serious health problems in developing countries, while remaining useful and desirable to the developed world. Examples include sample extraction and rapid and sensitive detection of infectious disease targets

Field project examples with SEs Cell. Scope: Linking Naandi: Providing clean diagnostic technology with healthcare professionals through wireless communication drinking water to rural households AEDC: Empo wering nongrid communities with innovative fuel cell solutions blue. Energy: Linking sustainable Example Project Partners energy services to life-improving energy uses such as clean light, water treatment, medicine storage, and ice making for fish storage m. Pedigree: Using an innovative SMS system to prevent the use of false medication Literacy Bridge: Providing easy, on-demand access to locally relevant knowledge through talking books See profiles of all our project partners at sein. net

cellscope mobile medical microscopy – pathogen detection devices

Data. Dyne Epi. Surveyor The most widely-used m. Health program in the world Data. Dyne provides sustainable information technologies to benefit the world's most needy populations. The explosion of mobile phones and web access across the developing world have made possible a whole new range of scalable, sustainable applications. Data. Dyne's multiple-awardwinning Epi. Surveyor. org is the first such application: taking a cue from Google and Facebook, we've created a mobile-phone -and-web-based data collection system that you can have up and running in an hour or less (think of the first time you logged into Gmail) without consultants or meetings or contracts or MOUs. And did we mention it's free? That kind of power and simplicity have made Epi. Surveyor by far the most widely-used m. Health software in the world, with thousands of users in hundreds of organizations -- including 15 sub-Saharan African countries in conjunction with the World Health Organization's African Regional Office (WHO/AFRO).

Mpedigree Battling the $9 M/day counterfeit drug trade m. Pedigree uses an innovative SMS system to prevent the use of false medication. Endangered drug supply lines disrupt the realisation of sound pharmaceutical markets. Contaminated medication cause untimely deaths, denying economies of skilled and unskilled labour. Where they merely exacerbate disease or introduce new, often more malignant, conditions, the effect is the same: the loss of labour. The socio-economic loss is then compounded by the additional material burdens imposed on society in terms of health costs for those so unfairly affected. Hence, first hard-earned resources are expended on subpotent medication, and then more of these resources have to be found to remedy the effects. m. Pedigree provides an option for consumers to scan a barcode and submit it to check the validity of medication.

I 4 D Program Areas: Projects for FIL - Net. Hope colloboration Healthcare Education • Mobile Health Platform (MHP) • Med. Check • Child. Fund Int’l Brazil Youth Learning • Tanzania Beyond Tomorrow Secondary Education • USAID Gaming Monitoring & Evaluation • TBD Natural Resource Mgmt / GIS Humanitarian Services Cloud • TBD Supply/Distribution Emergency Response • Long Distance Wi-Fi • East Africa Water (WISP) • USAID GIS Project Database Microfinance • TBD (Group forming) Network Agriculture • Water Information for All (WIFA) Field Workers • CRS GLCI Project • World. Vision Rollout • Child. Fund Int’t Community Mobilizer

Mobile Health Survey and focus Areas Mobile Health initial focus areas: . Mobile field data collection. Alerts for treatment adherence. Tiered reporting. Disease screening Diagnostic Devices Mobile Finance Maternal & Newborn Health Rural Telemedicine Mobile Health Disease Tracking HIV/AIDS Care Medicine Alerts Epidemiological Data

Net. Hope’s Mobile Health Platform The Need A standard platform for mobile data collection and reporting is required by Net. Hope members Many Net. Hope members collect and process health data Mobile data collection reduces inaccuracies of pen-andpaper based forms and improves worker productivity Multiple instantiations of similar applications lead to duplication of effort and needless cost Absence of standards makes one-off implementations unusable in other data collection applications

The Healthpoint Services Solution: E Health Point On October 28, 2009, Healthpoint Services, in partnership with Ashoka, launched an innovative market-based model that has the potential to transform the rural healthcare sector.

Villagers who had to travel to a city to see real doctor, now consult with them over a broadband video link from their local EHP clinic for just

Over 70 diagnostics are available at each EHP clinic, at an average cost of $1/test, enabling reliable, evidence-based healthcare decisions

Empowering thru m. Health Technology Solutions • Improve data collection • Manage mobile diagnostics, provide immediate feedback transmit results to EMRs • Enhance patient education with scripts & videos 11/9/2020 CONFIDENTIAL

Anudip Foundation An Overview

Background � � Problem: • Rural India has poor infrastructure, few job opportunities, little access to quality education and resources Anudip’s Mission: � Create livelihood opportunities for marginalized people Anudip’s Solution Provides: � Basic IT, Workplace Readiness, English, Entrepreneurship Training � Placement services � Business start-up and mentoring services Target Population: � Eastern India, sub-Saharan Africa 33

Livelihood Creation Programs Market Aligned Skills Training (MAST) Employer Job Placement Micro Entrepreneurs (DREAM) Impact outsourcing (MERIT) 34

Anudip’s Rural Sustainability Solution Tata AIG Specialist Mobile Phone Repair Shop Reliance Sales Market Aligned Skills Training IT enabled Jobs Works with local employers to place graduates in jobs 1 Incubates, finances, mentors for IT enabled businesses 2 Microenterprises Diamond Harbor MERIT Centers Low-cost project services to customers through Anudip graduates 3 1 Telco operators, retailers, hospitality, construction, financial services, medical, call centers Metiabruz Salt Lake 2 Cyber Cafes, Desktop Publishing, Digital Photo Studios, Mobile Repair Shops, Egovernance kiosks 3 Data entry, Digitization, Transcription, Account Preparation, Image Editing, Webbased projects, Microwork

Anudip Graduates • Raised in a rural village • Unemployed • Family income Rs 2, 700/month • Enrolled in MAST • Placed in Rs 22, 000 job in Kolkata • Accepted Rs 7, 000 job near home Manabindu Saha • Unskilled Youth • Below Poverty Line • Fishing / farming • Daily wages Debashis Koyal • Started Powerhouse, a computer business in village center • Anudip mentoring and financing • Services: desktop publishing, e tickets, internet surfing • Monthly revenue: Rs 30, 000 • Outcomes: new, job creation, personal income increase • Lives in a minority slum • Unable to leave her community • Joined local MERIT Center • Rs 5, 500/month salary Neha Mondal 36

Anudip Impact Phase 2008 -11* Livelihoods 3, 100 People impacted 18, 600 2011 -14 15, 000 90, 000 West Bengal Bihar Karnataka $10 est 2014 -16 22, 000 122, 000 National $7 proj Total 40, 000+ 250, 000+ National $8 proj Coverage 24 Parganas District Cost per family** $12 * Estimated 60% of graduates were placed ** Skills training and job creation is associated with a higher rate of household exits from poverty, impacting lives of 6 times as many people, since India has 6 people per rural family on average (source: NSDC) 37 37

Anudip Impact 4 Year Snapshot � 4500 Trained Graduates � 24 Training Centers � Microsoft Certification Programs � 300 PC Donations � MAST � 75 Dedicated Staff � DREAM � Engaged Board Members � MERIT � Corporate & Foundation Donors � 4 years of audited financials L I V E L I H O O D S 38

Rural Sustainability and Livelihood Creation Revenue Generation through: External Training Ø Course Fees from External Training Ø IT Services through MERIT Centers Earned Income MAST Job Placement in Formal Sector DREAM ed rn me Ea co In Employable Graduates Target: Regional self-sufficiency in three years MERIT Center Building a sustainable replicable enterprise

Growth Plan Scaling Lives Impacted (not to scale) 250, 000 Sustainability Replicability NSDC funded 100, 000 Proof of Concept ON partnership 25, 000 Strategy AIF funded 6, 000 Founder funded By 2016 • 40, 000 direct livelihoods generated • Quarter million people impacted • 3, 500 MERIT employees 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

“Before Anudip, I didn’t think I could dream” – an Anudip Graduate g 41