From Prehistory to Civilizations Dr Afxendiou Sachem North

200, 000 years ago – Homo erectus appears in Africa • hunters and gatherers

Changes from homo erectus to homo sapiens… • • language more complex stone tools

By 1, 000 B. C. E. – huge changes become entrenched

It was the DOMESTICATION of… animals and plants Domestication of plants and animals was

Because farming let people grow a lot of food, it led to POPULATION GROWTH

SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION… …means that not everyone has to grow food or tend animals.

STEPS LEADING TO THE RISE OF CIVILIZATION Domestication of Plants and Animals Farming Population

There are EIGHT features of civilization: 1) Cities Mohenjo Daro 2) Central governments And

3) Writing and record keeping 4) Highly organized religions 5) Specialized Jobs Full-time monk

6) Hierarchy of Social Classes Assyrian slaves In Egypt Art of Ancient Babylon Pyramids

8) Public Works The protective walls of a city in the Indus River Valley

Remember: GO ROLLER SKATING WITH CHAP • • G – strong central government R

Is this an image of a civilization? Support your answer with evidence.

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From Prehistory to Civilizations Dr. Afxendiou Sachem North High School

200, 000 years ago – Homo erectus appears in Africa • hunters and gatherers • left Africa to populate Europe and Asia

10, 000 years ago – Homo sapiens

Changes from homo erectus to homo sapiens… • • language more complex stone tools cave art expanded habitats - migrated into the Americas

By 1, 000 B. C. E. – huge changes become entrenched

So, what happened to get from… HERE?

It was the DOMESTICATION of… animals and plants Domestication of plants and animals was a monumental change. It resulted in the new ways of living we know as FARMING or AGRICULTURE And PASTORALISM (herding sheep, goats, cattle, horses, and camels) This led to the development of… FARMING COMMUNITIES

Because farming let people grow a lot of food, it led to POPULATION GROWTH In some places farmers were able to produce SURPLUS food. What does SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION mean for a society?

SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION… …means that not everyone has to grow food or tend animals. They can take on other tasks. They can specialize in some non-farming task. This is called… Job Specialization. Men and women may become: • Weavers • Potters • Priests • Scribes • Traders • Warriors

STEPS LEADING TO THE RISE OF CIVILIZATION Domestication of Plants and Animals Farming Population Growth Surplus Food Complex Society, also known as CIVILIZATION Job Specialization

There are EIGHT features of civilization: 1) Cities Mohenjo Daro 2) Central governments And Law codes Pharaohs Hammurabi’s Law Code

3) Writing and record keeping 4) Highly organized religions 5) Specialized Jobs Full-time monk

6) Hierarchy of Social Classes Assyrian slaves In Egypt Art of Ancient Babylon Pyramids of Ancient Egypt 7) Arts and Architecture

8) Public Works The protective walls of a city in the Indus River Valley

Remember: GO ROLLER SKATING WITH CHAP • • G – strong central government R – organized religion S – job specialization W – writing and record keeping C – Cities H – social hierarchy (social classes) A – Arts and Architecture P – Public Works

Is this an image of a civilization? Support your answer with evidence.