From DNA to Proteins Why is DNA important
- Slides: 17
From DNA to Proteins
Why is DNA important? genetic information DNA contains _________ proteins and the instructions for making ____.
PROTEINS? ? Proteins are the workhorse of the cells. Enzyme Hemoglobin Muscle Hair Hormones Antibodies
Cells use the instructions in DNA to make proteins. How? ? ? How do cells go from DNA to protein? DNA ? Protein
Where in the cell are proteins made? Proteins are made on _____ ribosomes which are found in the cytoplasm and attached to rough ER. ribosomes
DNA contains the instructions for proteins making ____.
Where in the cell is DNA stored? nucleus DNA is stored in the _____ chromosomes in the form of ________. nucleus chromosomes
Does DNA travel outside the nucleus? Never!!! DNA never leaves the nucleus!
What is a gene? A gene is a section of DNA.
TRANSCRIPTION DNA m. RNA nucleus ribosome copy of gene m. RNA DNA T A A G C C T G A C G C T A T T C G G A C T G C G A T A A DNA gene (section of DNA) m. RNA exits the nucleus
TRANSCRIPTION DNA TRANSLATION m. RNA nucleus Protein m. RNA attaches to ribosome DNA T A A G C C T G A C G C T A T T ribosome m. RNA exits nucleus protein A T T C G G A C T G C G A T A A DNA A protein is made
TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION DNA m. RNA nucleus m. RNA attaches to ribosome DNA T A A G C C T G A C G C T A T T copy of gene m. RNA A T T C G G A C T G C G A T A A DNA gene (section of DNA) Protein ribosome m. RNA exits nucleus m. RNA protein is made
The section of DNA (gene) that is copied messenger RNA or m. RNA. is called _______ m. RNA carries instructions for making proteins to the ribosomes where proteins are assembled. DNA T A A G C C T G A C G C T m. RNA A T T C G G A C T G C G A DNA gene ribosome protein
DNA never leaves the nucleus. Instead, the cell copies a section of DNA called a gene , sends the “copied gene” or m. RNA out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm where it attaches to a ribosome to direct the assembly of a protein.
Protein synthesis involves two steps: DNA Transcription _______: Translation m. RNA _______: m. RNA protein