Frogs Picture source fcps edu This presentation is

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Frogs Picture source: fcps. edu This presentation is abridged from alki. vansd. org/dguymon/sp 06%20

Frogs Picture source: fcps. edu This presentation is abridged from alki. vansd. org/dguymon/sp 06%20 Frog%20 Dissection. ppt

Scientists believe other vertebrates evolved from BONY LOBE-FINNED fish

Scientists believe other vertebrates evolved from BONY LOBE-FINNED fish

Scientific American; Dec 2005; Vol 293; p 100 -107

Scientific American; Dec 2005; Vol 293; p 100 -107

AMPHIBIAN CHARACTERISTICS Moist, thin skin without scales Aquatic larva changes to terrestrial adult Feet

AMPHIBIAN CHARACTERISTICS Moist, thin skin without scales Aquatic larva changes to terrestrial adult Feet without claws Respiration with gills, lungs, skin, mouth Closed 2 loop circulation Ectothermic (cold blooded) Eggs without shells or multicellular membranes

http: //users. erols. com/jkimball. ma. ultranet/Biology. Pages/V/Vertebrates. html http: //www. spekulantenguide. de/gifs/salamanderw. jpg

http: //users. erols. com/jkimball. ma. ultranet/Biology. Pages/V/Vertebrates. html http: //www. spekulantenguide. de/gifs/salamanderw. jpg

FROG LATIN meaning ANIMALIA KINGDOM _______ PHYLUM ______________ CHORDATA VERTEBRATA “backbone” SUBPHYLUM ______________ AMPHIBIA

FROG LATIN meaning ANIMALIA KINGDOM _______ PHYLUM ______________ CHORDATA VERTEBRATA “backbone” SUBPHYLUM ______________ AMPHIBIA “double life” CLASS ________________ ANURA “without a tail” ORDER _______________

ECTOTHERMIC “cold blooded” Body temperature is dependent on surrounding environment http: //www. vanscyoc. net/randy/garden/wildlife/image

ECTOTHERMIC “cold blooded” Body temperature is dependent on surrounding environment http: //www. vanscyoc. net/randy/garden/wildlife/image 4. htm

HIBERNATION/ ESTIVATION FAT stored in FAT BODIES provides energy Images from: http: //www. enc.

HIBERNATION/ ESTIVATION FAT stored in FAT BODIES provides energy Images from: http: //www. enc. org/Classroom_Calendar/CC_Units/Unit_Images/185. jpg http: //www. reptilis. org/pyxi/image 5. htm

Reproduction: AMPLEXUS “firm embrace” Sperm and egg released @ same time and place Increases

Reproduction: AMPLEXUS “firm embrace” Sperm and egg released @ same time and place Increases chances of fertilization

Frog Life Cycle Grow legs; Lose tail 2 chambers 3 chambers 1 loop 2

Frog Life Cycle Grow legs; Lose tail 2 chambers 3 chambers 1 loop 2 loops Breathe w/ gills lungs & skin Excrete ammonia excrete urea (gills & kidneys) (kidneys) http: //saczoo. com/3_kids/images

How are Tadpoles Similar to Fish? Have a LATERAL LINE system Breathe with gills

How are Tadpoles Similar to Fish? Have a LATERAL LINE system Breathe with gills Excrete nitrogen waste as AMMONIA (with gills & kidneys) Have a 2 -chambered heart Have a single-loop circulatory system

Tadpole Respiration: Larvae breathe with GILLS Source: bu. edu

Tadpole Respiration: Larvae breathe with GILLS Source: bu. edu

Tadpole Circulatory System

Tadpole Circulatory System

Images from: http: //www 2. volstate. edu/msd/BIO/1020/Lab 7 Chordate. II. htm TADPOLES & FISH:

Images from: http: //www 2. volstate. edu/msd/BIO/1020/Lab 7 Chordate. II. htm TADPOLES & FISH: 2 -chambered heart single-loop system ADULT FROG: 3 -chambered heart double-loop system

Sinus venosus Atrium BODY organs GILLS Ventricle Conus arteriosus FISH CIRCULATION

Sinus venosus Atrium BODY organs GILLS Ventricle Conus arteriosus FISH CIRCULATION

ADULT FROGS Thin, moist skin – no scales Mucous glands make it “slimy” Camouflage-

ADULT FROGS Thin, moist skin – no scales Mucous glands make it “slimy” Camouflage- for protection Some have poison glands http: //www-binf. bio. uu. nl/dutilh/hall/kikkers. html

Adult Frog Respiratory System

Adult Frog Respiratory System

http: //www. tvdsb. on. ca/westmin/science/snc 2 g 1/frogresp. htm BREATHING THROUGH SKIN is called

http: //www. tvdsb. on. ca/westmin/science/snc 2 g 1/frogresp. htm BREATHING THROUGH SKIN is called CUTANEOUS RESPIRATION

http: //www. tvdsb. on. ca/westmin/science/snc 2 g 1/frogresp. htm BREATHING WITH LUNGS is called

http: //www. tvdsb. on. ca/westmin/science/snc 2 g 1/frogresp. htm BREATHING WITH LUNGS is called PULMONARY RESPIRATION

Adult Frog Circulatory System

Adult Frog Circulatory System

Sinus venosus RIGHT LEFT Lungs Atrium Ventricle Body organs Conus arteriosus FROG CIRCULATION

Sinus venosus RIGHT LEFT Lungs Atrium Ventricle Body organs Conus arteriosus FROG CIRCULATION

Excretory Systems Removes nitrogen waste made by cells Nitrogen waste has different chemical forms:

Excretory Systems Removes nitrogen waste made by cells Nitrogen waste has different chemical forms: AMMONIA ______ UREA _____ URIC ACID _______ MOST TOXIC made from ammonia by liver HUMANS AMPHIBIANS LEAST TOXIC needs the least water to dilute BIRDS, REPTILES FISH

ALL WASTE is NOT THE SAME! DIGESTIVE wasteleft over from undigested food travels through

ALL WASTE is NOT THE SAME! DIGESTIVE wasteleft over from undigested food travels through digestive system leaves through digestive system as feces EXCRETORY waste(Also called NITROGEN WASTE) made by cells from break down of proteins travels through blood stream leaves through excretory system as ammonia, urea, or uric acid

Discuss: 1) Why do frogs need to keep their skins moist? 2) Why are

Discuss: 1) Why do frogs need to keep their skins moist? 2) Why are a frog’s lungs considered small when compared to a human’s lung: body size ratio? 3) How are frog and tadpole diets different?