Friday March 23 2018 Discussion Impression Evidence Fingerprints

Friday March 23, 2018 (Discussion – Impression Evidence: Fingerprints; Begin Worksheet – Impression Evidence)

The Daily CSI Friday, 3/23/18 List some important laws regarding buying a gun in Texas. • There is no state registration of firearms. • You must be 18 years of age to purchase a long gun and 21 to purchase a handgun. • There is no waiting period for purchasing a firearm in the state of Texas. • You should buy from an individual or business with a federal firearms license (FFL) permit. • A purchaser must fill out a 4473 form which will be handed in to the salesman. A driver's license must be produced with the 4473. 1/3

The Daily CSI Friday, 3/23/18 In the year 2010, what was the gun murder rate in Texas? 3. 2 gun murders per 100, 000 population (805 total) In this category, what was Texas’ rank in the nation? th 16 2/3

The Daily CSI 3/3 Friday, 3/23/18 Which of these bite marks is older? The on the left is older.

Announcements Remediation for Quiz 13 runs through next Wednesday, March th 28.

Assignment Project – Gun Control QUIZ 13 Summative or Formative # S 1 S 2 Date Issued Gone Missing Day Last Day Accepted 3/5 Friday, 3/23 Tomorrow 3/7 Next Wednesday, 3/27

Continue Project Gun Control Due Tomorrow!

Impression Evidence Part 2 Fingerprints

Martin Luther King Jr. was an American Baptist minister, activist, humanitarian, and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience based on his Christian beliefs.

James Earl Ray Conspirator or Lone Gunman?

James Earl Ray Since his arrest in 1968 for the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. , endless speculation has swirled around the motives and connections of James Earl Ray was a career criminal who was serving time for armed robbery when he escaped from the Missouri State Prison, almost one year before the assassination.

James Earl Ray On April 3, 1968, Ray arrived in Memphis, Tennessee. The next day he rented a room at Bessie Brewer’s Rooming House, across the street from the Lorraine Motel, where King was staying.

James Earl Ray At 6: 00 p. m. , King left his second story motel room and stepped onto the balcony. As King turned toward his room, a shot rang out, striking the civil rights advocate. Nothing could be done and King was pronounced dead at 7: 05 p. m.

James Earl Ray As the assailant ran on foot from Bessie Brewer’s, he left a blanket-covered package in front of a nearby building, and then drove away in a white Mustang. The package contained a high-powered rifle with scope, a radio, some clothes, a pair of binoculars, two cans of beer, and a receipt for the binoculars.

James Earl Ray Almost a week after the shooting, the Mustang was found abandoned in Atlanta, Georgia.

James Earl Ray Fingerprints later identified as James Earl Ray’s were found in the Mustang, on the rifle, and on a beer can. In 1969, Ray entered a plea of guilty in return for a sentence of 99 years.

James Earl Ray While a variety of conspiracy theories surround this crime, the indisputable fact is that a fingerprint put the rifle that killed Martin Luther King, Jr. , in the hands of James Earl Ray.

James Earl Ray was convicted on March 10, 1969, after entering a guilty plea to forgo a jury trial. Had he been found guilty by jury trial, he would have been eligible for the death penalty. He was sentenced to 99 years in prison. He later recanted his confession and tried unsuccessfully to gain a new trial. He died in prison on April 23, 1998 of hepatitis C.

T. Trimpe 2006 http: //sciencespot. net

Fingerprint Learning Objectives • Know the common ridge characteristics of a fingerprint. • List the three major fingerprint patterns and their respective subclasses. • Distinguish visible, plastic, and latent fingerprints. • Describe the concept of an automated fingerprint identification system (AFIS. ) • List the techniques for developing latent fingerprints on porous and nonporous objects. • Describe the proper techniques for preserving a developed latent fingerprint.

Fingerprint Principles According to criminal investigators, fingerprints follow 3 fundamental principles: • A fingerprint is an individual characteristic; no two people have been found with exactly the same fingerprint pattern. • A fingerprint pattern will remain unchanged for the life of an individual; however, the print itself may change due to permanent scars and skin diseases. • Fingerprints have general characteristic ridge patterns that allow them to be systematically identified.

Fingerprint Classes There are 3 specific classes for all fingerprints based upon their visual pattern: arches, loops, and whorls. Each group is divided into smaller groups as seen in the lists below. Arch Plain arch Tented arch Loop Radial Loop Ulnar loop Whorl Plain whorl Central pocket whorl Double loop whorl Accidentical

Interesting Info Fingerprint Factoid: 60% of people have loops, 35% have whorls, and 5% have arches Did you know? Dactyloscopy is the study of fingerprint identification. Police investigators are experts in collecting “dactylograms”, otherwise known as fingerprints.

Fingerprint Classes

Fingerprint Classes

Arches are the simplest type of fingerprints that are formed by ridges that enter on one side of the print and exit on the other. No deltas are present. Spike or “tent” Plain Arch Ridges enter on one side and exit on the other side. Tented Arches Similar to the plain arch, but has a spike in the center.

Loops must have one delta and one or more ridges that enter and leave on the same side. These patterns are named for their positions related to the radius and ulna bones. Delta Ulnar Loop (Right Thumb) Loop opens toward right or the ulna bone. Radial Loop (Right Thumb) Loop opens toward the left or the radial bone. NOTE: On the left hand, a loop that opens to the left would be an ulnar loop, while one that opens to the right would be a radial loop.

Whorls have at least one ridge that makes (or tends to make) a complete circuit. They also have at least two deltas. If a print has more than two deltas, it is most likely an accidental. Plain Whorl Central Pocket Whorl Draw a line between the two deltas in the plain and central pocket whorls. If some of the curved ridges touch the line, it is a plain whorl. If none of the center core touches the line, it is a central pocket whorl.

Whorls Double Loop Whorl Accidental Whorl Delta Double loop whorls are made up of any two loops combined into one print. Accidental whorls contain two or more patterns (not including the plain arch), or does not clearly fall under any of the other categories.

Worksheet Impression Evidence Tool Marks, Tire Tread Impressions, Shoe Print Impressions, and Bite Marks