FRENCH REPUBLIC AND THE REIGN OF TERROR DECLARATION
FRENCH REPUBLIC AND THE REIGN OF TERROR
DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF MAN • A statement adopted by the National Assembly • Reflected ideas of: • Enlightenment • Declaration of Independence • Rights given: • Men are born free and equal in rights, preserve rights • Equal justice • Free speech and religion • Olympe de Gouges • Wrote a female version and was killed because of it
GOVERNMENT • Put a constitutional monarchy in at first • King had very little power • Legislative Assembly was created given most of the power • Divided into three parts • Radicals – no more monarchy, give people power, “left-wing” • Sans-culottes – group within that exerted power on others • Moderates – some change in gov’t, but not much • Conservatives – fewer changes, liked limited monarchy, “right-wing” • Emigres – group within that wanted the Old Regime back • This gov’t. will give way to the National Convention • Will establish a republic
FORMATION OF THE REPUBLIC • Jacobin Club • A group of radicals that helped to create the republic • Jean Paul Marat will run a newspaper to promote the club’s ideas • Use of the guillotine • Kills many enemies of the new republic • Including Louis XVI • The Jacobins end up with many enemies because of all they execute
REIGN OF TERROR • Robespierre • Slowly obtains power • Wanted to create a “republic of virtue” • Moved to get rid of all traces of the monarchy • Went as far as to remove face cards from decks • Will lead the Committee of Public Safety • Got to pick the enemies of the state • Reign of Terror • Time in France where he ruled as a dictator • Executed many of his fellow revolutionaries during this time
REIGN OF TERROR PII • As many 40, 000 may have been killed during this time • Most were peasants put to death for no reason • Robespierre would be killed at its end • National Convention will create third new gov’t in 6 years • They will put Napoleon in control of their army
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