FRENCH POLYNESIA GOVERNMENT WATER in FRENCH POLYNESIA Pacific

FRENCH POLYNESIA GOVERNMENT WATER in FRENCH POLYNESIA Pacific seminar SWAP water SAMOA APIA Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 13 – 16 AVRIL 2010

What is the incidence of water related diseases Little cases, some cases in the rural areas. Statistics on diarrhea are not kept (better than Mexico) Water quality - is it generally good? Some rivers are heavily polluted (often pig farming) – people are aware but children still play there. Generally the quality is good. Lagoon water quality is poor leading to dead coral and less fish. We don’t have systematic water quality monitoring The underground resources are not known, even though a lot of the drinking water comes from the groundwater. Spring water with public taps – chlorinated house connections (but when the chlorine machine breaks down it requires maintenance from very far away). Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 2

Iwrm – water resources in your country 3 challenges/ issues in your country 3 steps / options in your country Country A presents and discusses with country B – after that Country B presents and discusses with Country A Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 3

SUMMARY 1. French Polynesia : geography, population and institutions 2. Water resources 3. Drinking water 4. Waste water treatment 5. Bathing water quality Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 4

FRENCH POLYNESIA: GEOGRAPHY Distances from big counties : 20 000 KMS to Europe 6 000 kms to USA 6 000 kms to Australia Surface statistics : 2, 5 millions km² bigger than Europe 3500 km² of land 15 000 km² of lagoon Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 5

FRENCH POLYNESIA: GEOGRAPHY Society islands: 2 groups of islands « iles du vent » and « iles sous le vent » Marquesas islands 1000 km far from Tahiti Land area: 997 km² 6 inhabited islands Land area: 1521 km² Tuamotu islands: Land area: 690 km² 8 inhabited islands 78 atolls Australes islands Gambier islands: 9 islands Land area: 150 km² 5 inhabited islands Rapa is the southern island, 1300 km far from Tahiti Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water Land area: 690 km² 6

FRENCH POLYNESIA: POPULATION (1/2) Population unevenly distributed Society islands: Marquesas islands Population : 8 548 inhabitants Density : 8 ihn/km² Population : 214 107 inhabitants Tuamotu islands: Population : 14 761 inhabitants Density : 141 ihn/km² Australes islands Population : 6 329 inhabitants Density : 35 ihn/km² Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Gambier islands: Population : 1 095 inhabitants Pacific seminar swap and water 7

FRENCH POLYNESIA: POPULATION (2/2) Population distribution by archipelago - 86 % of the polynesian population is concentrated in the Society archipelago. - A big water supply is needed to satisfy water needs. - Water needs are often conditionned by water ressources Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 - Water consumption behaviors are different between islands. Pacific seminar swap and water 8

FRENCH POLYNESIA: Institutions (1/2) 3 institutional levels: - French government represented by a high commissioner - French Polynesia local government - 48 local municipalities Marquesas islands 6 municipalities Society islands: 20 municipalities Tuamotu islands: 16 municipalities Gambier islands: 1 municipality Australes islands: 5 municipalities Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 9

FRENCH POLYNESIA: Institutions (2/2) Water issues FP government: Municipalities: - Subsidising municipalities - water supply - Financing own programs: - Sewage and sanitation - rain water management - hydrography survey France government: - Public health authority - Subsidising both municipalities and French Polynesia programs - Water resource assessment Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 - Municipalities supervision Pacific seminar swap and water 10

FRENCH POLYNESIA: Water resources differences between islands @ high islands : - surface water, - underground water, - sea water / desalination (Bora) @ Atolls: - water lenses - rainwater - sea water / desalination Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 In the last ten years, undergroud water extraction has duplicated in order to produce drinking water. In the same time surface water for domestic uses has decreased. Pacific seminar swap and water 11

Drinking water production 1. 2. 3. 4. 60% of population drink tap water But only 5 municipalities supply drinking water (26 000 inhabitants) In accordance with French Polynesian laws, all municipalities must supply drinking water before 2015. In the last 10 years (1995_2005), access to drinking water has only slightly increased (from 20 to 40%) Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 12

Drinking water in French Polynesia Drinking water consumption: Tahiti : 300 to 500 litres person per day Tuamotu : 50 litres person per day Issues about drinking water: No relation between billing and consumption Unknown water network performance (leakages) Local autorities not concerned enough about water ressources management Unknown underground water ressources and uses Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 13

Waste water treatment private system Domestic system: is private and non controled by governement. Statistics show that it’s not well maintained Small collective systems : In the urban area : 23% of population produce waste water wich is treated by small collective system. Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 14

WWT governement’s priorities 1. Touristics area: (develop tourism) (1993 to nowadays) - Bora (Pacific’s Pearl) famous destination - Punaauia urban area municipality (beaches and hostels) - Moorea touristic area (7 kms and 75% hostels of the islands) 2 - Urban areas (Nowadays to long time) - Papeete capital - Faa’a most inhabited municipality But no WWT policy Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 15

Waste water treatment Collective sanitation public program 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 4 collective treatment stations since 1993 In the last ten years, almost 13 000 inhabitants connected (5% of population). Bora is 100% covered since 2009 and has got famous european label « pavillon bleu » Papeete urban area concentrates 50% of waste water production in FP. Urban area’s program is in progress for Papeete and Faa’a Moorea island is about to start operating its waste water treatment plant. Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 16

WWT governement’s priorities Financing 1. Touristics area: (1993 to nowadays) - Bora : EC, France and FP - Punaauia urban area municipality: EC and FP - Moorea touristic area: France and FP. In future EC (next year) 2 - Urban areas (Nowadays to long time) - Papeete capital - Faa’a most inhabited municipality Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water France, PF and municipalities by the french program « contrat de projets » 17

Bathing water quality survey Samoa 13 -16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 18