FRENCH and INDIAN WAR 1754 1763 French and

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FRENCH and INDIAN WAR 1754 - 1763

FRENCH and INDIAN WAR 1754 - 1763

French and Indian War 1754 – 1763 Seven Year's War 1756 - 1763 French

French and Indian War 1754 – 1763 Seven Year's War 1756 - 1763 French and Indian war begin in British North America and sparked a larger global war called the Seven Years’ War.

Who Were the People Involve? French + “Indians” in the Ohio River Valley (Lenape/Delaware,

Who Were the People Involve? French + “Indians” in the Ohio River Valley (Lenape/Delaware, Shawnee) vs British + “Indians” in western New York (Iroquois Confederacy) Why did the Lenape and Shawnee side with the French? Why did the British side with the Iroquois?

What Were They Fighting For? Ohio River Valley Control West of the Allegheny or

What Were They Fighting For? Ohio River Valley Control West of the Allegheny or Appalachian Mountains French – control trade and trade routes from Canada to Mississippi British – control of land to the Pacific Ocean Iroquois – control of the fur trade, way of life Lenape / Delaware, Shawnee – resist British expansion, way of life Where is the Ohio River Valley? Where is New France?

How did the Conflict Begin? 1. 1749 – 1753 French Forts built to protect

How did the Conflict Begin? 1. 1749 – 1753 French Forts built to protect against British expansion & trade 2. 1753 George Washington fails to order the French out of Ohio River Valley 3. 1754 Fort Duquesne (Pittsburgh) built by French 4. 1754 Cumberland Road built by George Washington 5. 1754 Battle of Fort Necessity (Great Meadows) French win / Washington surrenders 6. 1755 Battle of Monongahela (Fort Duquesne) Braddock’s March, French Win

How Did the War Progress? Britain failed to effectively combat the French initially. Frontier

How Did the War Progress? Britain failed to effectively combat the French initially. Frontier Settlers lived in fear of attacks French were close to attacking Philadelphia Battles were lost (Fort Necessity, Monongahela) 1758 William Pitt (Secretary of State, Britain) The French had the upper hand he until put forth more resources to the struggle in North America. Allowed local leaders to recruit and paid for supplies More troops committed Younger commanders put in place Treaty of Easton – American Indians ally with British in exchange for a promise to respect their land west of the Appalachian Mountains

How Did the War Progress? Overview Video (3: 24) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=iup

How Did the War Progress? Overview Video (3: 24) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=iup 8 x. OR-n. Uw Crash Course Video (10: 40) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=5 v. KGU 3 a. EGss Timeline: http: //www. pbs. org/thewarthatmadeamerica/timeline. html Key Battles: http: //www. feldmeth. net/US/fandiwar. html Documentary Video: The War That Made America – The French and Indian War (57: 47) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=m. QCk. Ei 3 Obb. Y Battles Overview video (1: 59) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ng. D 1 m. Hm. Jv. W 0

Treaty of Paris 1763 Treaty of Paris officially ends the war and the following

Treaty of Paris 1763 Treaty of Paris officially ends the war and the following concessions are made: France’s empire in North America was finished. All French territory is taken away. Britain acquires Quebec (Canada), Ohio Valley Britain acquires Florida from Spain in exchange for Philippines / Cuba (7 Years’ War) Spain acquires port of New Orleans and Louisiana Territory west of Mississippi (Allies) American Indians find that the Treaty of Easton (1758) is not honored by the British

Pontiac’s Rebellion British Victory in French & Indian War = Threat to American Indians

Pontiac’s Rebellion British Victory in French & Indian War = Threat to American Indians French Defeat hurt American Indians: Upset the balance-of-power and diplomacy that had enabled them to maintain a degree of autonomy French had a better relationship with the American Indians because they did not threaten their lifestyle or encroach on their land significantly

Pontiac’s Rebellion British Victory in French & Indian War = Threat to American Indians

Pontiac’s Rebellion British Victory in French & Indian War = Threat to American Indians Issue: Treaty of Paris (1763) promises The French gave Amer. Indian land to the British, without their consent Confusion over land claims, control of fur trade, and tribal relations Treaty of Easton: not honored as Fort Pitt was built up post war (Oc. 1758) the British and the Iroquois (including the Shawnee and Lenape) met in Easton, PA. American Indians were promised that British would prohibit settlement on all lands west of the Allegheny Mountains after the war; regulate rum trade and eliminate forts on Indian lands. Iroquois who had remained fairly neutral, sided with the British.

Pontiac’s Rebellion – 1763 Indians in the Ohio Valley & Great Lakes regions rebelled

Pontiac’s Rebellion – 1763 Indians in the Ohio Valley & Great Lakes regions rebelled against British. Named after an Ottawa warrior: Pontiac Inspired by Neolin, a Delaware religious prophet, Vision: Master of Life instructed … 1. Reject European technologies, commercial relations, and alcohol 2. Return to Tradition 3. Expel the British from their lands Impact: Pan-Indian Identity 1. Collective identity 2. Cooperation would bring about their independence 3. Common experience of dispossession

The Proclamation Line 1763 Inspired by: Amer. Indian (Ottawas, Hurons…) attack on Detroit, (British

The Proclamation Line 1763 Inspired by: Amer. Indian (Ottawas, Hurons…) attack on Detroit, (British military outpost) 9 other forts seized, killed hundreds of colonists intruding on their land Rules: 1 - prohibit further colonial settlement in the lands west of the Appalachian Mountains, which were reserved for Indians 2 - ban sale of Indian lands to private individuals (arranged by colonial government) Purpose: quiet tensions between white settlers in the colonies and Indians Impact: enraged settlers and speculators (George Washington ignored the policy and purchased land illegally) Not solving the issue of westward expansion exacerbated settler-Indian relations.

Paxton Boys (50 Scotch-Irish farmers, from Paxton, PA) Accused During colonial authorities of being

Paxton Boys (50 Scotch-Irish farmers, from Paxton, PA) Accused During colonial authorities of being to lenient with Indians Pontiac’s Rebellion Paxton Boys - Attacked Indian village of Conestoga (6 men, women, children), Lancaster (14 killed), Philadelphia (intended to attack Moravian Indians, But…) Governor End order expulsion of most of the Indian population of the 1760 s, Penn’s “holy experiment” and his quest for peace between Europeans and Indians was over.

Albany Plan of Union-1754 Drafted by Benjamin Franklin Create a inter-colonial legislature 1 -

Albany Plan of Union-1754 Drafted by Benjamin Franklin Create a inter-colonial legislature 1 - Grand Council (delegates from each colony) 2 - Levy taxes 3 - Conduct diplomacy with Indian tribes Failed to create a Union rejected by the colonial assemblies

Benjamin Franklin produced this famous cartoon in 1754, calling on Britain’s North American colonies

Benjamin Franklin produced this famous cartoon in 1754, calling on Britain’s North American colonies to unite against the French. (Published in the Philadelphia Gazette –