FREEDOM RIGHTS WHAT AR E RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS

FREEDOM & RIGHTS

WHAT AR E RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS ? THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RI GH TS Learning intention: To define rights and freedoms and gain an understanding of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

INQUIRY QUESTIONS ABOUT RIGHTS & FREEDOMS How did the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights come about? Why was it important?

INQUIRY QUESTIONS What were the key features and achievements of the US Civil Rights movement? Did these influence the struggles of the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islanders?

INQUIRY QUESTIONS What have been the main aims, methods and events in the struggle for rights and freedoms by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders?

INQUIRY QUESTIONS Who have been significant individuals and groups in the struggle for the rights and freedoms of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders?

WHAT DO YOU KNOW? What do you know about the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights? What rights and freedoms have Indigenous Australians fought for since 1945: ? How have the struggles of Indigenous Australians been similar to, and different from, other fights for civil rights around the world?

TRUE OR FALSE? All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights

After the atrocities of WW 2, the United Nations General Assembly created an international treaty called The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Many people take their rights and freedoms for granted. Others are denied these rights. Some have to fight for them. Groups have struggled to win civil rights. In Australia, people have had to fight for their rights and for social justice too.

UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS When the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaimed in 1948 that ‘all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights’, it signalled its support for the rights and freedoms of oppressed groups throughout the world.

AMERICA AND AUSTRALIA Two such groups that already had long histories of struggle were African Americans and Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples. At the same time as the US Civil Rights movement was gathering force

in the 1950 s and 1960 s, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples renewed their efforts to overcome generations of dispossession and inequality.

Although much has been achieved, the struggles for rights and freedoms by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples have continued into the twenty-first century.

With the creation of the United Nations after WW 2, the international community vowed the world would never again suffer the atrocities caused by that conflict. The United Nations General Assembly convened in 1946 and began drafting an international agreement that would recognise basic human rights and would declare that each of us is ‘born free and equal’. In Paris 1948. the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was formally adopted.

DECLARATION OF OF HUMAN RIGHTS What are the Charters obligations? What do you think?

DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS To preserve peace and eliminate war To remove the causes of conflict by encouraging economic, social, educational, scientific and cultural progress throughout the world, especially in under-developed countries To safeguard the rights of all individual human beings, and the rights of peoples and nations

THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ai. FIu_z 4 d. M 8

RESOURCE & ACTIVITY SHEET Hand out

CERTAIN PRINCIPLES (HAND OUT) There are certain principles that were behind the creation of these 30 rights. Some of these principles relate to civil and political rights which defend the fundamental right to life, and states that no one can be tortured, enslaved, arbitrarily imprisoned, made to do forced labour, or be restricted from such basic freedoms as movement, expression and association. Such principles are stated in negative terms such as ‘freedom from’ (discrimination, torture etc).

CERTAIN PRINCIPALS Other principles relate to economic, social and cultural rights, which assure people of their rights to basic standards of life. These rights are founded on a belief that we can enjoy our rights, freedoms and economic justice all at the same time. Economic, social and cultural rights are often stated in positive terms such as ‘right to’ (life, education etc).

CLASS DISCUSSION – NEED A SCRIBE As a class, decide which articles apply to each of the following principles: a. Some of the rights are civil and political rights. Which articles would fit this category? b. Some of the rights are economic, social and cultural rights. Which articles would fit this category? c. Some of the rights are community obligations for the rights to be able to exist. Which articles would fit this category?

RECAP OF LESSON The idea that groups of people had certain kinds of rights and freedoms dates back to ancient times. However, with the coming of the modern age, the idea of universal human rights and freedoms began to evolve.

RECAP During the late eighteenth century, Enlightenment thinkers argued that, as human beings, all people had the same basic rights to equality and freedom, no matter what their place in society

RECAP On 10 December 1948, the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the General Assembly. December 10 is celebrated as Human Rights Day around the world. The declaration is written in more than 360 languages and is used by various UN organisations to help people and countries understand what the international community has determined as the human rights all people are entitled to.

TIMELINE Read Page 117 – Copy the timeline into your book

CHAPTER 3. 8 PAGE 104, 105, 106, 107 Answer Questions 1 2 3 4 5