Francis Cabot Lowell Waltham System In 1818 the

Francis Cabot Lowell

Waltham System

In 1818 the first weekly transatlantic packet ship began with the “Black Ball” Line, known for a black ball on its sails.

Regularly scheduled transatlantic voyages spread, especially just after the early national period, in 1845, with the new “clipper Ships”

Early railroad

By the end of the early national period, inventor Samuel Morse was experimenting with magnets and later invented the magnetic telegraph and “Morse Code” in 1840 s.

By 1836 the new steam boats had begun to make St, Louis grow tremendously

New York City in 1836 continued its urban dominance

Castle Gardens processed immigrants in NYC

In 1837 John Deere invented the steeltipped plow

Steel plow

By 1836 there were almost one thousand regular newspapers in the US

Steam-powered rotary press

Theaters blossomed in 1836

Racist “black-faced” minstrels began in 1830 s

Cyrus Mc. Cormick

Mc. Cormick’s reaper

Anti-union cartoon showing trade unions in unsympathetic manner

Flier for the Working Men’s Party

Sports were becoming popular as games like tennis developed

Alexis de Tocqueville

Romantic Movement

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Thomas Cole

Cole’s painting of fall of civilization

Washington Irving

Rip Van Winkle

James Fenimore Cooper

Mother Ann Lee Stanley

Shaker Movement

American Temperance Union

Efforts to reform prison conditions began in 1830 s

Joseph Smith

Multiple wives in polygamy

Stephen F. Austin

General Santa Anna

Alamo

Sam Houston

Battle of San Jacinto

“Lone Star Republic” = The Republic of Texas

Mirabeau Bonaparte Lamar