Frames of Reference for Pediatric Occupational Therapy 4
- Slides: 17
Frames of Reference for Pediatric Occupational Therapy, 4 th ed. Chapter 1 Structure of the Frame of Reference: Moving from theory to practice J. Hinojosa, P. Kramer, & T-H Howe Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
All Occupational Therapy interventions must be theoretically based • Theories are a formalized collection of: • Concepts • Definitions • Theoretical postulates • Predict relationships between events in specified circumstances Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
Identify: - What is a concept? - Why are definitions important? - What is a theoretical postulate? Together, these define the parameters of theory Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
Many ways to apply Theory to Practice - Perspectives Models of Practice Paradigms Frame of Reference This book will use frames of reference Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
The Frame of Reference - Combines multiple theories or parts of theories into theoretical base - Uses those theories to define function and dysfunction - Identifies a way to evaluate - Identifies a way to promote change (postulate regarding change) - Suggests a means to put theories into practice (application to practice) Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
The Frame of Reference delineates the relationship between theory and practice and provides a blueprint for evaluation and intervention Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
The Theoretical Base - Sets the stage for the entire frame of reference - Most complex and abstract section of the frame of reference - Describes both constant and dynamic theoretical information - Constant theoretical information includes static phenomena - Dynamic theoretical information describes how change takes place - Contains assumptions, concepts, definitions, and theoretical postulates Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
Theoretical Postulates - A critical component in the structure of a theory - They give meaning to theoretical information Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
Review the sample theoretical base: Making Contact with Persons of the Opposite Sex as an Adolescent - Identify theories that this frame of reference is based on Identify the assumptions Identify several concepts How are these concepts defined? Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
The sample theoretical base: Making Contact with Persons of the Opposite Sex as an Adolescent (continued) - Identify several postulates Identify the relationship between a postulate and a hypothesis Are any of these postulates hypotheses? If so, identify a hypothesis Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
The sample theoretical base: Making Contact with Persons of the Opposite Sex as an Adolescent (continued) - Review the function-dysfunction continua and the indicators of function and dysfunction Can you see how this will help a therapist identify whether a client is closer to function or dysfunction? Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
The sample theoretical base: Making Contact with Persons of the Opposite Sex as an Adolescent (continued) Guided to evaluation—Identify what you might do as a therapist to determine if a client was functional or dysfunctional in this frame of reference. Try to think of something that is different from the example given in the text Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
The sample theoretical base: Making Contact with Persons of the Opposite Sex as an Adolescent (continued) - Postulates regarding change are turning points of frames of reference They move the frame of reference from the abstract to the practical They are based on the dynamic theories in theoretical base Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
The sample theoretical base: Making Contact with Persons of the Opposite Sex as an Adolescent (continued) - There are general postulates regarding change There are directional postulates regarding change There are postulates regarding change Identify the difference between them Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
The sample theoretical base: Making Contact with Persons of the Opposite Sex as an Adolescent (continued) - Try to write a postulate regarding change that is different from those you find in the text Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
The sample theoretical base: Making Contact with Persons of the Opposite Sex as an Adolescent (continued) Application to Practice—this defines actually how to put the postulates regarding change into practice - Try to give an example of how you could put this frame of reference into practice that is different from the examples that you find in the text Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
Evidence - A new section in each chapter Not part of the frame of reference Identifies what research has been done on each frame of reference to determine best practice Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
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