FOUR TYPES OF SENTENCES Elizabeth Celeste CoimanLopez BAT

FOUR TYPES OF SENTENCES Elizabeth Celeste Coiman-Lopez, BAT, MS. Houston Community College – FALL 2020

FOUR TYPES OF SENTENCES 2

PHRASES vs. CLAUSES • What is a PHRASE? PHRASE Two or more words with a subject OR a verb. Parts of a sentence. • The funny energetic teacher (Noun phrase) • has been trying (Verb phrase) • to make sushi (Infinitive phrase) • at school (Prepositional phrase) • What is a CLAUSE? CLAUSE Two or more words with a subject AND a verb in a sentence. • The funny energetic teacher is late to class. PHRASES vs. CLAUSES 3

SENTENCES A sentence is a sequence of words which begins with a capital letter and ends with a period (or ! or ? ) Ø It has a subject Ø It has a verb Ø It has a COMPLETE IDEA • Ex: The funny energetic English teacher has been trying to make sushi at school. PARTS OF A COMPLETE SENTENCE 4

INDEPENDENT CLAUSE (MOM) Ex: The students enjoyed the grammar lesson. • INDEPENDENT CLAUSE can be called the MAIN CLAUSE. • It has a subject and a verb. • It is a complete idea. • It can stand alone (INDEPENDENT) (like a MOM) INDEPENDENT CLAUSE (MOM) 5

DEPENDENT CLAUSE (BOY) EX: that the students enjoyed the grammar lesson – It is DEPENDENT upon an independent clause. – It has a subject and a verb, but the verb is not the main verb. – It does NOT express a complete idea. – It cannot stand alone (DEPENDENT) (Mom and boy) – It begins with the indicator that or If, and Wh- words. DEPENDENT CLAUSE (BOY) 6

1 st TYPE - SIMPLE SENTENCE üOne INDEPENDENT (MOM) clause ü It has a subject and a verb ü Expresses a complete thought. • • Lorena likes pizza. Some students like to study in the mornings. Fan and Victor play soccer every afternoon. Pei goes to the library and studies everyday. 1 ST TYPE - SIMPLE SENTENCE 7

2 ND TYPE - COMPOUND SENTENCE ØTwo INDEPENDENT (MOM) clauses ØTogether with a comma (, ) ØA coordinating conjunction (7 FANBOYS), connecting both sentences. • Basilio likes pizza, , but he doesn’t like tacos. • Susana drives to school, and Cecilia rides with her. , 2 ND TYPE - COMPOUND SENTENCE 8

COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS 9

3 RD TYPE - COMPLEX SENTENCE (MOM & BOY) Ø INDEPENDENT (MOM) + DEPENDENT (BOY) Ø Dependent clause begins with a subordinating conjunction and it can be at the beginning or the end of the sentence. Ø It is less important to the main idea clause. , • While Xiao Yun watched a movie she did her homework. • Xiao. Yun did her homework while she watched a movie. , • Since Gulsah passed her English test Hannah has been very happy. • Hannah has been very happy since Gulsah passed her English test. 3 RD TYPE - COMPLEX SENTENCE (MOM & BOY) 10

Despite Whatever Whose A Subordinating Conjunction begins a DEPENDENT CLAUSE and connects it to an INDEPENDENT CLAUSE. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS 11

4 TH TYPE - COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE Subordinating Conjunction + DEPENDENT (BOY) , + INDEPENDENT (MOM) , FANBOYS + INDEPENDENT (MOM) - While Joana was sleeping, Huong went to the store, and she bought some milk. - Huong went to the store, and she bought some milk while Joana was sleeping. - Because Suleyman paid attention, he got an A on the test, and I was so happy. - Suleyman got an A on the test, and I was so happy because he paid attention. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION + , , + FANBOYS COORDINATING CONJUNCTION 4 TH TYPE - COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE 12

WHAT TYPES OF SENTENCES ARE THESE? 1. Salman likes lemonade, but Abdul likes milk. 2. Mustafa likes eggs and cheese. 3. Huong said it to me that she loves her English classes! 4. Bhaskar played his music, and he watched television while Salman was studying. 5. Because Rahul is good playing cricket, he loves this sport. 6. While Martin was taking a shower, Greg was hungry, so he went to the fast-food place for food. 7. Ali is cooking, and Jorge is cleaning. 8. She made dinner, and he was happy because he loves her cooking. 9. After the final exam, I am traveling to my country. 10. Daisy likes to dance, and she loves to travel. PRACTICE 13