Foundations of Democracy Greece and Rome Unit 1

Foundations of Democracy: Greece and Rome Unit 1: Day 1 August 19, 2015

Warm-Up: Using what you remember from Social Studies Classes in the past, match up the following terms with an Ancient Civilizations Terms 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Monotheistic (1 god) Philosophers Democracy Hammurabi’s Code The 12 Tables Pharaoh Caste System Polytheistic (many gods) Reincarnation Pyramids A. B. C. D. E. F. Ancient India Ancient Greece Ancient Rome Mesopotamia Ancient Egypt Ancient Hebrews *Hint: Some terms may apply to multiple civilizations! If you don’t know, make a guess!

Answers • • • Ancient India: Polytheistic, Caste System, Reincarnation Ancient Greece: Polytheistic, Democracy, Philosophers Ancient Rome: Polytheistic, Democracy, The 12 Tables Mesopotamia: Polytheistic, Hammurabi’s Code Ancient Egypt: Polytheistic, Pyramids, Pharaohs Ancient Hebrews: Monotheistic

DEMOCRACY: A form of government in which the people hold the power and make decisions through voting.

Ancient Greece • Ancient Greece was divided into many polis, or city-states. • Each city-state had it’s own form of government. • Example: • Athens- democracy (people vote) • Sparta- oligarchy (leaders of the military decide everything)

Athenian Democracy • Athens is where democracy was “born”. • Athenian Democracy was a direct democracy where every citizen voted directly on every issue.

Athenian Democracy Note: every CITIZEN could vote on every issue • To be a citizen in Athens you had to be: • Male • Over 18 • Free-born (not a slave) • The population of Athens was about 250, 000 but only 43, 000 people were actually considered citizens and could vote. So, is this really a democracy?

Ancient Rome • The Ancient Romans borrowed many ideas from the Greeks, including their polytheistic religion and their government. • The Romans developed the 12 Tables- the first written legal code that all citizens had to follow.

Roman Republic • The Romans had a representative democracy, or republic, where citizens voted for individuals to represent them and make decisions on their behalf.

Roman Republic • Only Roman citizens could vote for a representative: • Had to be male • Had to be “free” (In Ancient Rome slaves could earn or buy their freedom, but former slaves could never vote) • Could be Plebian (lower class) or Patrician (upper class) • The representatives made up The Senate: • About 300 men • Had to be a Patrician (wealthy, landowning) • Made all decisions on war, laws, and taxes So, was this really a democracy?

Brainpop! • https: //www. brainpop. com/socialstudies/worldhistory/demo cracy/

Graphic Organizer • Using today’s notes, you will create a Venn diagram comparing and contrasting the democracies of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. You will need at least three distinct characteristics in each side of your Venn diagram, and two characteristics in the center. • Finally, you will answer the following questions using evidence to support your answer: Which form of democracy (Athenian or Roman) was more fair? Which form of democracy was more efficient?

Homework *due tomorrow! • Read p. 134 -141. Answer only the following questions: • 1 (vocabulary) • 4 (Sparta vs. Athens government) • 5 (Plato vs. Aristotle)