Foundations of American Education Fifth Edition L Dean

Foundations of American Education, Fifth Edition L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 1

Chapter 1 Status of the Profession Power. Point Presentation L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 2

Status of the Profession • The Teacher and Teaching: Definitions – descriptive definition – teaching as successful activity – teaching as intentional activity – teaching as normative behavior – scientific or technical definition – teaching as an art L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 3

Profile of the Teaching Profession L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 4

Why Become a Teacher? • caring for and desiring to work with young people • desiring to make a contribution to society • finding interest in a certain field and desiring to share it with others L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 5

Satisfactions and Dissatisfactions With Teaching Teacher satisfaction correlates with teacher effectiveness. Effectiveness correlates with student achievement (U. S. Department of Education, 1997). L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 6

Intrinsic Satisfactions • • the joy of working with children making a difference in life of a student a sense of accomplishment autonomy an association with a subject field security, camaraderie, and cooperation a noncompetitive field L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 7

Extrinsic Satisfaction & Dissatisfaction Factors • salary • level of support from parents and administrators • availability of resources • class size • degree of student misbehavior • school safety L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 8

Teacher Preparation INTASC Standards L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 9

Baccalaureate Teacher Education Programs Teacher Education Areas • general studies • content studies in a major or minor • professional studies • field experiences and clinical practice L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 10

Alternative Teacher Preparation Programs Typical Requirements • rigorous selection process • pre-service training in methodology, classroom management, and human development • a structured, supervised internship and guidance by a mentor teacher L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 11

Minority Representation in the Teaching Force Negative Effects of Underrepresentation • lack of professional role models for children • lack of cultural framework to make instruction more culturally relevant and effective L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 12

Strategies for Increasing Diversity • Remove obstacles by: – increasing scholarship, loan, and loan forgiveness programs – increasing support services and retention efforts – ensuring that testing and evaluation programs for entry to the profession minimize the influences of race and ethnicity L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 13

Strategies for Increasing Diversity (continued) • increase the number of minorities in teaching • identify and encourage interested minority students before their senior year in high school by: - future educator clubs - teacher cadet programs - college preparatory programs - “Grow Your Own” programs for paraprofessionals L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 14

Teacher Certification • assessment for initial certification and licensure • emergency certification • recertification • interstate certification • national certification: The NBPTS L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 15

Requirements for Certification • achieving a college degree • earning a minimum number of credit hours in designated curricular areas • having the recommendation of the college or an employer • completing student teaching • having a good moral character • being a minimum age • U. S. citizenship • taking a loyalty oath • passing a state-prescribed exam L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 16

Salary and Other Compensation L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 17

Performance-based Pay Plans Types of pay plans: • individual teacher-based • school-based L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 18

Competency-based Pay Plans Types of pay plans • skills-based pay • knowledge- and skills-based pay L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 19

Compensation for Supplemental Activities • Supplemental Activities – coaching – student activity sponsorship – teaching an extra class – teaching an evening class L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 20

Indirect Compensation: Employee Benefits and Services • Benefits Required by Law – Social Security – Unemployment Compensation – Workers’ Compensation • Voluntary School District Benefits – life, health, and hospitalization insurance – long-term disability insurance L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 21

Indirect Compensation: Employee Benefits and Services (continued) • Retirement Benefits • Pay for Time Not Worked – sick leave, personal leave, sabbatical leave, family and bereavement leave, civic and jury duty leave, professional leave, and military leave • Employee Services – wellness programs, child care, and subsidized food services L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 22

Rating the Schools and Teaching L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5 e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 23