FORMATION OF THE EARTH AND LIFE ON EARTH

• Big Bang Theory (3, 7 billion years ago) • Universe – cooled

• Clouds of gases and dust formed astronomical bodies (asteroids, moons, planets, stars)

MILKY WAY • Milky way – formed 5 -6 billion years after the Big

SOLAR SYSTEM • Like universe, formed out of dust and gases • the Sun,

• Protoplanet - a large body of matter in orbit around the sun

EARTH • formed by accretion from the solar nebula (400 million years) • Nebula

MILLER-UREY EXPERIMNET • Simulated early Earth conditions • Wanted to see whether simple molecules

Stanley Miller/Harold Urey (1953): H 2 O CH 4 NH 3 H 2 Stanley

ORIGIN OF LIFE • Many theories about formation of molecules of life • Hidrotermal

BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION • First cells – no nucleus • Anaerobic (first atmosphere- no oxygen)

• Abundance of water • Series of gene mutations – bacteries – synthetised

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FORMATION OF THE EARTH AND LIFE ON EARTH

• Big Bang Theory (3, 7 billion years ago) • Universe – cooled fast and looked like thick fog moving fast • Protons and neturons formed atomic nucleus • Small atoms (hydrogen) • Hydrogen and helium formed space dust • Basic elements: carbon, oxygen, nitrogen

• Clouds of gases and dust formed astronomical bodies (asteroids, moons, planets, stars) • astronomical objects include planetary systems, star clusters, nebulae and galaxies

MILKY WAY • Milky way – formed 5 -6 billion years after the Big Bang • Galaxy that contains our Solar System • band of light seen in the night sky

SOLAR SYSTEM • Like universe, formed out of dust and gases • the Sun, the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto • Sun formed 5 billion years ago gravitaion of these particles(dust)

• Protoplanet - a large body of matter in orbit around the sun or a star thought to be developing into a planet

EARTH • formed by accretion from the solar nebula (400 million years) • Nebula - a cloud of gas and dust in outer space • 4 billion years old

MILLER-UREY EXPERIMNET • Simulated early Earth conditions • Wanted to see whether simple molecules naturally give rise to the complex molecules of life • HTTPS: //WWW. YOUTUBE. COM/WATCH? V= NN NNIJMXSKGBC • ‘ocean’ – contained simple organic molecules • Proof that organic molecules could have been a product of ancient gases • CHEMICAL EVOLUTION

Stanley Miller/Harold Urey (1953): H 2 O CH 4 NH 3 H 2 Stanley Miller Small organic molecules (aminoacids, monosaccharides, nucleotides. . . )

ORIGIN OF LIFE • Many theories about formation of molecules of life • Hidrotermal vents, meteorites • Complex molecules – sugars, lipids, amino acids – basis formtaion of the first cell

BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION • First cells – no nucleus • Anaerobic (first atmosphere- no oxygen) • Heterotrophes or chemotrophes

• Abundance of water • Series of gene mutations – bacteries – synthetised oxygen ‘catching’ enzymes • Cyanobacteria

ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY

STROMATOLITES • •