Forestry Geography of Canada Forests are Important Forests

Forestry Geography of Canada

Forests are Important • Forests are one of Canada’s most valuable assets • Forests capture solar energy, store water and nutrients, moderate climates, develop and condition soils, serve as carbon resevoirs, and serve as important habitat for various life forms • Forests are also a wonderful place for recreation

Jobs Related to Forestry Foresters Pilots Surveyors Cartographers Economists Planners Administrators Engineers Research scientists Truck drivers Mechanics Heavy equip. operators Mill workers Trapping Commercial Fishing Guiding

Forestry How much wood do you use on a daily basis? What do you use it for? VIDEO

Wood Products Lumber Pulp Papers Furniture Toothpicks Matches Artificial flavouring Shatterproof glass Adhesives Rayon clothing Turpentine Cellophane Chewing gum Plastics Soaps Imitation leather

Paper Products • Wood is chemically broken down and made into paper and fibre products • Canadians are one of the largest consumers of paper products in the world • 35% of municipal waste (garbage) consists of paper and paper products • Most paper products can be recycled • Wastepaper can be recycled 7 times before the fibre becomes too short to produce good newsprint • Canada currently recovers 31% of the paper it consumes

Canada’s Forest Resource Pacific Maritime Boreal Shield Montane Cordillera

Boreal Forest Boreal means northern in Russian Boreal Shield

Boreal Forest

Boreal Forest The northern Boreal Forest is dominated by only two species of trees - Black Spruce and White Spruce. Taiga is the Russian word forest.

Boreal Forest Black Spruce Cedar White Spruce Balsam Fir Jack Pine Tamarack White Birch Poplar

Pacific Maritime Forest Pacific Maritime

Pacific Maritime Forest Douglas Fir Sitka Spruce

Pacific Maritime Forest Western Red Cedar Western Hemlock

Montane Cordillera Forest Montane Cordillera

Montane Cordillera Forest Ponderosa Pine Engelmann Spruce Douglas Fir

Value of Forest Industry Pulp and Paper Products Other Provinces $7286 million Quebec $11575 million British Columbia $7514 million Ontario $10018 million

Value of Forest Industry Wood Products New Brunswick $751 million Alberta $1731 million Ontario $3454 million Quebec $5306 million Other Provinces $780 million British Columbia $11 234 million

Methods of Harvesting Forests Clear-cutting Shelterwood Cutting Selective cutting

Methods of Harvesting Forests Trees up to 25" in diameter can be cut with the XL 25.

Methods of Harvesting Forests Clear Cutting Loggers remove every tree and leave a barren landscape. When replanted, the new forest grows uniformly in species and size VIDEO

Methods of Harvesting Forests Shelterwood Cutting Involves clear-cutting only part of an old growth forest Small groups of seed bearing trees are left so the area will regenerate. Shelterwood method is often used in forests that have grown and aged evenly

Methods of Harvesting Forests Selective Cutting Only mature trees of the desired size, type or quality Another shot of the same stand in an area that has been finished-except for picking up a few logs. The stand is about 65 years old. VIDEO- Rick goes Heli-Logging in BC

Forestry Issues Too few trees are replanted? = Soil erosion

Forestry Issues Clogged Rivers

Forestry Issues Water Pollution Air Pollution

Forestry Issues Aerial Spraying Forest Fires

Forestry Issues Destruction of Wildlife Habitat

RICK MERCER • VIDEO- Rick tries Timber Sports

Weird Wood! • Match the Product to the Process to the Tree • Draw lines on your worksheet to the correct path • Use the flashcards to help you.

WEIRD WOOD! Group 1: Tyler Taylor Ashlyn Sydney Griffin Jessie Kaylee Curtis Michael Jory Deshawn Ashley Sara Jack Group 2: Group 3: Jeremiah Aidan Kyla Ben Laurie Cassidy Stephen